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Medidas farmacológicas para el control de la temperatura corporal

Pharmacological approaches to control of body temperature
Authors: Soto Ruiz, María Nelia; Ezquerro Rodríguez, Esther; Marín Fernández, Blanca;

Medidas farmacológicas para el control de la temperatura corporal

Abstract

Los principales fármacos con acción antipirética o antitérmica pertenecen a dos grupos terapéuticos: al de los antiinflamatorios y antirreumáticos no esteroideos y al de los analgésicos y antipiréticos. En algunos casos, ambos grupos se incluyen dentro de los AINE (analgésicos antitérmicos y antiinflamatorios no esteroideos). La mayoría de los compuestos químicos incluidos en este grupo comparten tres acciones que los definen aunque la eficacia relativa para cada una de ellas puede ser diferente, igual que la incidencia de efectos adversos. Por este motivo su utilización clínica dependerá tanto de su eficacia como de su toxicidad relativa. Cuando hay fiebre, los AINE normalizan la acción del centro termorregulador en el hipotálamo, disminuyendo la producción de prostaglandinas por inhibición de las enzimas ciclooxigenasas. Pero no todos son capaces de controlar la temperatura que aumenta en situaciones de adaptación fisiológica, como en el golpe de calor por ejercicio intenso o aumento de la temperatura ambiente. La clasificación se establece en base a las características químicas de los mismos, pudiéndose agrupar en nueve clases: 1) Salicilatos, 2) Derivados del para-aminofenol, 3)Derivados de las pirazolonas, 4) Derivados del ácido acético, 5) Derivados del ácido propiónico, 6) Derivados antranílicos, 7) Derivados del oxicam, 8 ) Inhibidores de la COX-2 y 9) Otros AINE. En este artículo se detallan las indicaciones, mecanismo de acción, forma de presentación, vías de administración, reacciones adversas, contraindicaciones, precauciones e interacciones de los fármacos más utilizados (derivados del ácido salicílico, paracetamol, metamizol, ibuprofeno, dantroleno).

The main antipyretic drugs belong to two different therapeutic groups: non-steroidal antiinflammatory and antirheumatic drugs and analgesic and antipyretic drugs. In some cases, both groups are included in the NSAID group (analgesics and antipyretics and non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs). Most of the chemical compounds included in this group share three actions that define them although the relative performance of each of these actions can be different, as well as the incidence of adverse effects. For this reason, its clinical use will depend on effectiveness and toxicity. When there is fever, NSAID normalizes the action of the thermoregulatory center in the hypothalamus, decreasing production of prostaglandins by inhibiting cyclooxygenase enzymes. But not all are capable of controlling the temperature that increases in adaptive physiological situations, as in heat stroke by intense exercise or increased ambient temperature. The classification is based on the chemical characteristics and can be grouped into nine classes: 1) Salicylates, 2) Para-aminophenol derivatives, 3) Pyrazolone derivatives, 4) Acetic acid derivatives, 5) Propionic acid derivatives, 6) Anthranilic derivatives, 7) Oxicam derivatives, 8) COX-2 inhibitors, 9) Other NSAID This article describes the indications, mechanism of action, clinical presentation, routes of administration, adverse reactions, contraindications, precautions and drug interactions of the most commonly used drugs (derivatives of salicylic acid, paracetamol, metamizole, ibuprofen, dantrolene).

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

Temperatura corporal, AINE, Body temperature, Fármacos antipiréticos, NSAID, Antipyretic drugs

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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