
handle: 2454/52857
El concepto de revolución pasiva es uno de los más importantes en la teoría gramsciana. Se trata de una abstracción que explica procesos históricos de movilización popular que terminan en el predominio de la estabilidad frente al cambio. Este trabajo analiza el uso de este concepto a lo largo de tres periodos históricos diferentes y reflexiona sobre su utilidad a la hora de analizar fenómenos políticos actuales. A través de un ejercicio empírico de análisis de 31 entrevistas en profundidad a dirigentes de asociaciones que participaron en la revuelta social chilena, se llega a la conclusión de que el llamado estallido social del 18 de octubre se encamina a un cierre en forma de revolución pasiva. Esto, a través de una institucionalización paulatina que evidencia una resolución "por arriba" y sin protagonismo de las clases subalternas. De participación crítica de las organizaciones sociales ante el miedo a "no ganar nada" tras meses de movilización continuada y desgaste.
The concept of passive revolution is one of the most important in Gramscian theory. It is an abstraction that explains historical processes of popular mobilisation that end in the predominance of stability over change. This paper analyses the use of this concept over three different historical periods and reflects on its usefulness in analysing current political phenomena. Through an empirical exercise of analysis of 31 in-depth interviews with leaders of associations that participated in the Chilean social revolt, the conclusion is that the so-called social outburst of 18 October is heading towards a closure in the form of a passive revolution. This, through a gradual institutionalisation that shows a resolution “from above” and without popular protagonism. Also, social organisations’ critical participation confronting the fear of “winning nothing” after months of continuous mobilisation and attrition.
Revolución pasiva, Social upheaval, Gramsci, Revuelta social, Chile, Passive revolution
Revolución pasiva, Social upheaval, Gramsci, Revuelta social, Chile, Passive revolution
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