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DIGITAL.CSIC
Article . 2008 . Peer-reviewed
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El volcanismo neógeno-cuaternario de Catalunya: caracteres estructurales, petrológicos y geodinámicos

Authors: ARAÑA, V.; APARICIO, A.; MARTIN ESCORZA, Carlos; GARCIA CACHO, L.; ORTIZ, R.; VAQUER, R.; BARBERI, F.; +3 Authors

El volcanismo neógeno-cuaternario de Catalunya: caracteres estructurales, petrológicos y geodinámicos

Abstract

[ES] El volcanismo neógenocuaternario de Catalunya está asociado al sistema de fracturas escalonadas, de orientación preferente SW-NE y NW-SE, que condiciona también las depresiones tectónicas o fosas neógenas. Las dataciones radiométricas ponen de manifiesto una actividad volcánica entre 10 y 0.1 m.a., localizándose las erupciones más antiguas en la fosa del Empordi, mientras que el volcaismo cuaternario se concentra en las proximidades de Olot (La Garrotxa). El magmatismo es de carácter alcalino, con términos exclusivamente básicos (basanitas), salvo un afloramiento traquítico. Son frecuentes los xenolitos de rocas sedimentarias y plutónicas básicas y ácidas, presentando estos últimos el mayor grado de transformación. Los caracteres estructurales, geoquímicos y mineralógicos, junto a las relaciones isotópicas Sr87/Sr86 apoyan un origen profundo, subcrustal, del magma, y definen un volcanismo intraplaca como el que corresponde a un modelo de rift embrionario sin atenuación litosférica y con escasas manifestaciones eruptivas. Se establecen asimismo las relaciones entre el volcanismo neógenocuaternario de Catalunya y de otras áreas de la placa Ibérica con el sistema de rifts europeos y su última etapa distensiva que, en el ámbito del Mediterráneo Occidental, se inició al cesar la rotación del bloque sardocorso, hace 14 m.a.

[EN] The neogenequaternary volcanism of Catalunya is associated with a system of step faults of SW-NE and NW-SE preferent directions, conditioning also the tectonic depressions or neogene grab ens. Radiometric datations point out a volcanic activit y between 10 and 0,l m.y.; the older eruptions are in the Ampordi graben whilst thequaternary volcanism is around Olot (La Garrotxa). The magmatism is alkaline with rocks exclusively basic (basanites), except one outcrop of trachytes. Xenolithsof sedimentary and plutonic rocks, both acid and basic, are common. The acid plutonic xenoliths are the most transformed. The structural, geochemical and mineralogical features and the Sr87/Sr86 topic ratios indicate a deep, subcrustal origin of magma and define a within-plate volcanism as to be expected in a model without litospheric attenuation, initial rifting and minor eruptive activity. The relationships between the Ca.talunya neogenequaternary volcaism and other areas of the Iberian plate, the european rifi systems and the last distensive period of the West Mediterranean region beginning at the end of the rotation of the Sardinia- Corsica block, 14 m.y. ago, are established.

Este trabajo ha sido subvencionado mediante un contrato de investigación entre el Instituto de Geología del CSIC y la Compañía General de Sondeos, en el marco del Programa Nacional de Prospección Geotérmica del I.G.M.E.

Peer reviewed

Country
Spain
Keywords

Quaternari, Quaternary, Catalonia, Volcanismo, Volcanism, Petrologia, Cataluña, Vulcanisme, Catalunya, Petrology

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