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Aplicacions de l'ADN antic en arqueologia. La nova 'Arqueologia Molecular'

Authors: Fernández Domínguez, Eva; Arroyo-Pardo, Eduardo; Turbón, Daniel;

Aplicacions de l'ADN antic en arqueologia. La nova 'Arqueologia Molecular'

Abstract

[spa] La posibilidad de recuperar información genética a partir de restos fósiles ofrece una oportunidad única para dar respuesta a algunas cuestiones planteadas desde otras disciplinas. Entre las aplicaciones de interés de la tecnología del ADN antiguo en el campo de la arqueología y la antropología destacan el diagnóstico molecular del sexo, el establecimiento de relaciones familiares entre individuos exhumados, la identificación personal y la caracterización genética de las poblaciones del pasado. El éxito en la consecución de estos estudios está condicionado principalmente por el estado de preservación del ADN en los restos analizados. Otras limitaciones de la técnica son la extracción, junto con el material genético, de moléculas que pueden inhibir los procesos experimentales necesarios para obtener la información genética y la contaminación de las muestras con ADN procedente de otras fuentes. Con todo, estas últimas citadas dificultades pueden controlarse mediante la aplicación de ciertas sencillas precauciones.

[eng] The possibility of recovering genetic information from fossil remains, offers a unique opportunity to solve certain common questions in archaeology. Between all possible applications of ancient DNA technology in archaeology and anthropology, it should be emphasized the sex diagnosis, the establishment of kinship among exhumed individuals, personal identification, and genetic characterisation of past populations. The preservation of DNA in the analyzed remains will condition the success in the performed analysis. Other technical limitations are the co-extraction, with genetic material, of compounds capable of inhibiting the experimental processes needed to obtain genetic information, and also contamination of samples with exogenous DNA. These difficulties, however, can be usually solved by means of the application of several simple precautions.

Country
Spain
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Keywords

Human remains (Archaeology), Fossil DNA, Restes humanes (Arqueologia), ADN fòssil, ADN, DNA

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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