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handle: 2445/107394
Este artículo explica la importancia del carbón mineral en la aparición de la economía moderna de América Latina y el Caribe. Se detalla la metodología de estimación de la serie de consumo aparente de carbón mineral entre 1856 y 2000 para veinte países de la región, con los precedentes de Cuba y Chile desde la década de 1840. Se concluye que el consumo de carbón en América Latina ha sido cuestión de las economías grandes y medianas (Brasil, México, Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Venezuela). Las seis pequeñas repúblicas de Centroamérica nunca llegaron a sumar unidas el 1% del consumo regional. La República Dominicana no llegó al 0,5% y Haití muy pocos años superó el 0,1%. A Bolivia, Ecuador y Paraguay, en el subcontinente sudamericano, les costó llegar al 0,01% en algunos años. La diferencia la marcó Uruguay, que siendo una economía pequeña se comportó siempre como una grande. Lo que está detrás de esta realidad no es la cuestión del tamaño sino la del atraso económico.
This article explains the importance of coal for the beginning of modern economy in Latin America and the Caribbean. It provides the methodology for the estimation of coal consumption data for twenty countries from 1856 to 2000, plus Cuba and Chile from 1840. The conclusion is that coal consumption was a matter of the large and medium sized economies (Brazil, Mexico, Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Venezuela). The six small Central American republics, all together, never got above the 1% of the regional consumption. The Dominican Republic did not reach 0,5% and Haiti rarely surpassed 0,01% of the coal consumed in the region, a high figure for Bolivia, Ecuador and Paraguay in some years. The exception among the small ones being Uruguay, which behaved as the large ones. What is behind coal consumption in fact was not size but economic backwardness.
Carbó, Energy consumption, Latin America, Coal, Creixement econòmic, Amèrica Llatina, Coal; Energy; Latin America and Caribbean region, Carbón;Energía;América Latina y el Caribe, Consum d'energia, Economic growth
Carbó, Energy consumption, Latin America, Coal, Creixement econòmic, Amèrica Llatina, Coal; Energy; Latin America and Caribbean region, Carbón;Energía;América Latina y el Caribe, Consum d'energia, Economic growth
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