
handle: 2434/1201735
La transición ecológica provocará cambios en las economías industriales, con un impacto mayor en los sectores tradicionales. Este artículo tiene como objetivo comparar cómo tres casos en tres países distintos, caracterizados por la presencia de plantas siderúrgicas y con historias similares, enfrentan la descarbonización. La comparación se centra en el panorama de desigualdades, en las estrategias sindicales y en las políticas implementadas. El artículo describe los tres contextos a través de las lentes conceptuales del eco-social-growth trilema. En Italia, en Taranto, la situación se caracteriza por la presencia de imperativos intratables (salud y trabajo) en conflicto entre sí, cuya resolución no parece estar al alcance. En los Países Bajos, en IJmuiden, la resolución del trilema parece posible a través de una intervención de ecologización de la producción en un horizonte de 15 años; sin embargo, este camino no cuenta con el apoyo de los grupos socioambientales. En fin, el caso argentino, en San Nicolás de los Arroyos, es peculiar: los impactos sanitarios y ambientales no se cuestionan, y el contexto se caracteriza por una dinámica clásica de conflicto entre capital y trabajo.
The ecological transition will lead to changes in industrial economies, with a greater impact on hard-to-abate sectors. This compare how three cases in three different countries – characterized by the presence of steel plants and similar histories – are addressing decarbonization. The comparison focuses on the existing inequalities, trade union strategies, and implemented policies. The article describes the three contexts through the lens of the eco-socialgrowth trilemma. In Italy, in Taranto, the situation is marked by the presence of intractable yet conflictual imperatives (health and employment) whose resolution seems beyond the reach of political and social actors. In the Netherlands, in IJmuiden, by contrast, the resolution of the trilemma appears possible through a 15-year plan to ‘green’ production, pushed by the leading union, the FNV; however, this pathway does not have the support of socio-environmental groups, who demand immediate action. The Argentine case, in San Nicolás de los Arroyos, is instead peculiar: here, there is no contestation of the plant’s health and environmental impacts, and the context is shaped by a classic dynamic of conflict between capital and labor.
decarbonisation; eco-social-growth trilemma; inequalities; labor environmentalism
decarbonisation; eco-social-growth trilemma; inequalities; labor environmentalism
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