Detailed clinical data about patients who used emergency services during 2011 are presented. The main attention is focused on the state of patients with acute and chronic brain ischemia before and after treatment with mildronate. Mean age of patients with ischemic stroke and chronic brain ischemia was 63.4 and 57.7 years, respectively. Mildronate was injected slowly intravenously in one dose 1000 mg (10 ml of 10% solution). The results obtained in the study allow to recommend mildronate for such patients and provide the useful information to physicians and medical attendants about current methods of diagnosis and treatment of patients with acute and chronic brain ischemia in out- and inpatient health services.