In 2015, 36.7 million people globally were estimated to be living with HIV. As well as reduc- ing the morbidity and mortality of HIV-infected persons associated with HIV infection, effec- tive antiretroviral therapy has been demonstrated to reduce the risk of HIV transmission to sexual partners from HIV-infected person dramatically. Current treatment guidelines recom- mend antiretroviral therapy for all HIV-infected individuals, regardless of CD4 cell count.