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[Enterohemorragic Escherichia coli (EHEC): topical enterobacteriaceae].

Authors: Gouali, Malika; Weill, François-Xavier;

[Enterohemorragic Escherichia coli (EHEC): topical enterobacteriaceae].

Abstract

Les Escherichia colientérohémorragiques (EHEC) sont considérés depuis les années 1980 comme des pathogènes émergents responsables d’épidémies d’origine alimentaire (la plus récente est celle due à E. coli O104:H4 en mai 2011, en Allemagne puis en France).En France, la surveillance des infections à EHEC repose sur la surveillance des SHU chez les enfants de moins de 15 ans. L’incidence annuelle est de 0,8/100 000 enfants de moins de 15 ans avec prédominance du sérotype O157:H7.Les EHEC constituent l’un des six pathovars définis de l’espèce E. coli caractérisés par leur capacité à produire des cytotoxines de la famille des Shiga-toxines et font partie d’un groupe plus important que l’on appelle les Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC).Les EHEC sont responsables chez l’homme de troubles variés allant d’une simple diarrhée aqueuse bénigne à une colite hémorragique pouvant évoluer vers des formes graves telles que le syndrome hémolytique et urémique (SHU) chez les jeunes enfants et le purpura thrombotique thrombocytopénique chez l’adulte.Le réservoir de ces bactéries est majoritairement le tube digestif des ruminants : la transmission à l’homme se fait principalement par la consommation d’aliments insuffisamment cuits (viande de bœuf notamment), l’eau contaminée, le contact direct avec des animaux ou avec des personnes infectées.Le diagnostic de certitude des infections à EHEC est basé sur la mise en évidence dans les selles, des gènes de virulence et/ou de souches productrices de Shiga-toxines.Le traitement est principalement symptomatique, les antibiotiques étant très controversés car ils favoriseraient le SHU par libération des toxines.

Since the 1980s, EnterohaemorrhagicEscherichia coli (EHEC) have been recognised as emergent pathogens causing foodborne outbreaks. The latest one is the E. coli O104:H4 outbreak which occurred in Germany in May 2011 then in France.In France, the surveillance of EHEC infections is based on surveillance of hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) in children under 15 years old. The average annual incidence is 0.8/100,000 children under 15 years old with a predominance of the O157:H7 serotype.EHEC are one of the six clinical pathovars of E. coli defined by their capacity to produce Shiga-toxins and for that reason, are part of a larger group called: Shigatoxin-producingE. coli (STEC).EHEC are a cause of different troubles ranging from mild diarrhea to haemorrhagic colitis which might be complicated by HUS in young children and thrombocytopenic thrombotic purpura in adults.The reservoir of EHEC is mainly the intestinal tract of ruminants: EHEC are transmitted via ingestion of contaminated food or water, person-to-person contact, direct animal contact and exposure to the environment.The diagnosis of the EHEC infections relies on isolation of STEC in stool samples or detection of genes encoding for Shiga-toxins.Treatment is mainly symptomatic. Use of antibiotics is controversial because the risk of HUS could be increased (release of toxins).

Country
France
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Keywords

Adult, Enterobacteriaceae Infections, Gastroenterology, Enterobacteriaceae, Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli, Population Surveillance, Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome, Humans, France, [SDV.MP.BAC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, Escherichia coli Infections

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
12
Top 10%
Average
Average
Green