In the early periods, the research on taxonomy of Oncomelania hupensis mainly focused on the traditional methods--morphology and anatomy, and then numerical taxonomy, cytogenetics, and population genetics are used in this discipline. With the advance of the molecular biology techniques, emerging technologies, such as restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), microsatellite, and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), are used to study the taxonomy of Oncomelania hupensis. This paper mainly reviews the advances in the research on taxonomy of Oncomelania hupensis.