To investigate chemical constituents from folk herb Pilea cavaleriei subsp. cavaleriei.The compounds were separated and purified by silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 and the like. The structures were identified by spectral methods such as (1)H, (13)C-NMR and MS.Seventeen compounds were isolated and identified as benzoic acid (1), 4-hydroxy benzalde-hyde (2), coumaric acid(3), protocatechuic acid (4), gallic acid (5), 4-hydroxy benzoic acid (6), 3-indole carboxaldehyde (7), 3-indole carbo-xylicacid (8), 4-methyl-(1,2,3) -triazole(9), uracil(10), nicotinamide (11), (2S,E)-N-[2-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy phenyl) ethyl] ferulamide (12), (+) -dehydrovomifoliol (13), hentriantane (14), beta-sitosterol (15), palmitic acid (16), daucossterol (17) , respectively.All compounds were obtained from the genus for the first time.