The psycho-technique of "derealization" helped the majority of the German population that had been loyal to the Hitler regime to escape from their historical responsibility in 1945. The derealization of an historical era of collective history and of the corresponding phases of their individual histories saved these people the work of self transformation and opened the way to an unwitting repetition. In the unending debates around Nazi war criminal and their accomplices, the paramount issue is to refuse the "normality" of this derealization.