To explore the correlations between chemokines stromal cell-derived factor-1 (CXCL12), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (CCL2), regulated upon activation normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) and early abortion.The villus and decidua tissues of recurrent spontaneous abortion group (n = 26), medical abortion group (n = 30) and normal early pregnancy women (control group, n = 30) were collected at our hospital from 2008 to 2009. And their expressions of CXCL12, CCL2, RANTES mRNA were determined by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (polymerase chain reaction).The CXCL12, CCL2 and RANTES mRNA gene expressions were detected in first-trimester placental villus and decidua tissues. And the gene expressions of CXCL12 mRNA in villus and decidua tissues in spontaneous abortion and medical abortion groups were significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.01). But the gene expressions of CCL2 and RANTES mRNA in villus and decidua tissues were significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.01).CXCL12, CCL2 and RANTES are co-expressed in human villus and decidua tissues. The lower CXCL12 mRNA expression and the higher expressions of CCL2 and RANTES mRNA play important roles in the pathogenesis of early abortion.