Caries is a multifactorial disease manifesting itself as a dynamic process. Fewer than half of all 5-year-olds have all teeth intact. The treatment of cavities in the temporary dentition requires a switch from predominant restoration to responsible non-restoration. The progression of a process within an existing cavity can in fact be inhibited by cleansing the lesion with fluoride toothpaste if it is, or made, approachable. Such non-restorative treatment changes an acute cavity progression into a chronic one. Chronic caries provides more time to mobilize the immune system through the pulp. Non-restorative treatment of cavities is especially indicated in children with active caries or children who are afraid of treatment by a dentist. Non-restorative treatment of cavities is less burdensome for children than restorative treatment.