Boron neutron capture therapy leads to a strong local radiotherapy effect. The efficacy of the method in cancer therapy requires sufficient accumulation of boron into and a fairly superficial location of the tumor. The efficacy and tolerability of this therapy has been investigated in Finland especially in locally recurring head and neck cancer. These tumors have responded favorably to boron neutron capture therapy and the treatment has been relatively well tolerated, although most cancers have recurred locally with few cases of durable complete remission.