Generalization and analysis of literature data on the state of nonspecific defense and immunity in sportsmen has demonstrated that moderate physical and psycho-emotional loads promote stimulation and normalization of nonspecific defense and immunity; intensive subextreme and extreme loads of modern sport, exceeding functional possibilities of the organism, cause inhibition of a number of indices of nonspecific defense, T- and B- systems of immunity. The necessity of using immunological methods in hygienic norm-setting of training loads has been pointed out.