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Opciones financieras: Una estrategia put ratio backspread frente a una put larga

Authors: Portela Cordero, Miguel;

Opciones financieras: Una estrategia put ratio backspread frente a una put larga

Abstract

[Resumen]: Hoy en día existen muchos tipos de derivados financieros, ya sean sobre acciones u otros conceptos financieros más complejos como los tipos de interés, se pueden hallar casi tantos derivados como activos subyacentes puedas imaginar. En este trabajo nos centramos en un aspecto en concreto de ellos, las opciones, y más precisamente desarrollaremos una combinación de opciones, un put ratio backspread, comparándola con una opción básica put larga. Tras realizar, tanto un análisis a priori sobre el perfil de resultados de ambas, un análisis de sensibilidad de la prima y de las “griegas”, así como un análisis a posteriori simulando miles de posibles situaciones tras una hipotética compra de las opciones, consideramos que una estrategia put ratio backspread es una estrategia de opciones enfocada a las “burbujas” de cualquiera que sea el activo subyacente, considerándola una gran combinación solo cuando se tienen esas expectativas, pues, presenta un buen resultado solo ante grandes caídas del subyacente o subidas moderadas y grandes, que son los principales comportamientos que pueden surgir ante estas “burbujas”. Así mismo, presenta mejores resultados ante incrementos de la volatilidad y horizonte temporal, así como ante caídas del precio del subyacente, pues aumentan las posibilidades de que el precio del subyacente se mueva más y acabe entrando dentro de dinero. Por otro lado, al igual que la mayoría de las opciones y combinaciones put, los tipos de interés afectan negativamente al precio o prima del put ratio backspread. Por lo que consideramos que ante meras expectativas bajistas no merece la pena esta estrategia put ratio backspread, la cual necesita una caída demasiado grande en el precio del subyacente para dar beneficios.

[Abstract]: Nowadays, there are many types of financial derivatives, which could be based on a stock or other more complex financial concepts such as interest rates, you can find almost as many derivatives as underlying assets you can imagine. In this paper, we focus on one specific aspect of them: options, and more precisely, we will develop an option combination strategy, a put ratio backspread, comparing it with a basic long put option. After conducting both a priori analysis of the payoff profile of each, a sensitivity analysis of the premium and the “Greeks”, as well as a posteriori analysis simulating thousands of possible scenarios following a hypothetical purchase of the options, we consider that a put ratio backspread strategy is a strategy tailored for asset “bubbles” whatever the underlaying asset is, considering it a great combination only when you have those expectations, as it gets good results only in the case of huge price drops of the underlaying asset or medium and huge upwards movements, being the main behaviours that can occur during “bubbles”. In addition, the strategy performs better in scenarios of increasing volatility and longer time horizons, as well as in falling underlying asset prices, since these conditions increase the chances of the underlying asset price moving significantly and ending up in-the-money. On the other hand, like most put options and put-based combinations, interest rates have a negative effect on the price or premium of the put ratio backspread. Therefore, we conclude that in case of merely bearish expectations, the put ratio backspread is not worth it, as it requires a significant drop in the underlaying asset price for it to become profitable.

Traballo fin de grao (UDC.ECO).ADE. Curso 2024/2025

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

Premium, Put, Options, Prima, Finanzas, Opciones, Finance

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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