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Complicaciones, mortalidad y supervivencia del trasplante pulmonar: ¿dónde nos encontramos?

Authors: Vilar Castro, Anxo;

Complicaciones, mortalidad y supervivencia del trasplante pulmonar: ¿dónde nos encontramos?

Abstract

[Resumen] Introducción: El trasplante pulmonar (TxP) se considera una terapia quirúrgica efectiva en pacientes con una enfermedad cardiopulmonar en estadio crónico o terminal e importante limitación funcional. El manejo tanto quirúrgico como anestésico (incluyendo el período perioperatorio) ha evolucionado significativamente en las últimas dos décadas. Una clara muestra de ello es la terapia de soporte cardiocirculatorio tipo ECMO (extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) que mejora el pronóstico de los casos más complejos. La unidad de Trasplante Pulmonar del Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC) realiza aproximadamente entre 30 y 50 trasplantes pulmonares al año y desde el año 2017 utiliza la terapia ECMO como terapia de rescate cardiocirculatorio. Objetivos: El objetivo de este estudio será analizar las complicaciones agudas del postoperatorio del trasplante pulmonar, estudiar la mortalidad y supervivencia de los pacientes trasplantados, así como los tratados con esta terapia de soporte cardiocirculatoria. También es interesante comparar la supervivencia y la mortalidad en pacientes bajo terapia ECMO en el trasplante pulmonar versus pacientes, de similares características, sin terapia de soporte cardiocirculatorio tipo ECMO. Así se podrá estimar el impacto que ha tenido utilizar la terapia tipo ECMO en la mortalidad y supervivencia desde su implantación hasta la actualidad. Material y Métodos: Se realizará un estudio observacional descriptivo-analítico retrospectivo de los posibles factores influyentes en las complicaciones agudas, mortalidad a corto plazo y supervivencia del manejo perioperatorio contemporáneo del trasplante de pulmón. En el estudio se incluyen los pacientes trasplantados en el CHUAC desde el año 2013 hasta el 2023, ambos años incluidos.

[Resumo] Introdución: O transplante pulmonar (TxP) considérase unha terapia cirúrxica efectiva en pacientes cunha enfermidade cardiopulmonar en estadio crónico ou terminal e importante limitación funcional. O manexo tanto cirúrxico como anestésico (incluíndo o período perioperatorio) evolucionou significativamente nas últimas dúas décadas. Unha clara mostra diso é a terapia de soporte cardiocirculatorio tipo ECMO (extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) que mellora o prognóstico dos casos máis complexos. A unidade de Transplante Pulmonar do Hospital Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC) realiza aproximadamente entre 30 e 50 transplantes pulmonares ao ano, e desde o ano 2017 utiliza a terapia ECMO como terapia de rescate cardiocirculatorio. Obxectivos: O obxectivo deste estudo será analizar as complicacións agudas do postoperatorio do transplante pulmonar, estudar a mortalidade e supervivencia dos pacientes transplantados, así como os tratados con esta terapia de soporte cardiocirculatorio. Tamén é interesante comparar a supervivencia e a mortalidade en pacientes baixo terapia ECMO no transplante pulmonar versus pacientes, de similares características, sen terapia de soporte cardiocirculatorio tipo ECMO. Así se poderá estimar o impacto que tivo utilizar a terapia tipo ECMO na mortalidade e supervivencia desde a súa implantación ata a actualidade. Material e Métodos: Realizarase un estudo observacional descritivo-analítico retrospectivo dos posibles factores influentes nas complicacións agudas, mortalidade a curto prazo e supervivencia do manexo perioperatorio contemporáneo do transplante de pulmón. No estudo inclúense os pacientes transplantados no CHUAC desde o ano 2013 ata o ano 2023, ambos os anos incluídos.

[Abstract] Introduction: Lung transplantation (LTx) is considered an effective surgical therapy in patients with chronic or end-stage cardiopulmonary disease and significant functional limitation. Both surgical and anesthetic management (including the perioperative period) has evolved significantly in the last two decades. A clear example of this is ECMO (extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) type cardiocirculatory support therapy, which improves the prognosis of the most complex cases. The Lung Transplant Unit at University Hospital of A Coruña (CHUAC) performs approximately 30 to 50 lung transplants per year and has been utilizing ECMO therapy as cardiocirculatory rescue therapy since 2017. Objectives: The aim of this study will be to analyze the acute postoperative complications of lung transplantation, study the mortality and survival of transplanted patients, as well as those treated with this cardiocirculatory support therapy. It is also of interest to compare the survival and mortality in lung transplant patients under ECMO therapy with patients of similar characteristics without ECMO cardiocirculatory support therapy. This will allow us to estimate the impact that the use of ECMO therapy has had on mortality and survival from its implementation to the present. Materials and Methods: A retrospective descriptive-analytical observational study of the possible factors influencing acute complications, short-term mortality and survival in the contemporary perioperative management of lung transplantation will be carried out. The study included patients transplanted at CHUAC from 2013 to 2023, both years included.

Traballo fin de mestrado (UDC.FCSS). Ciencias da Saúde. Curso 2023/2024.

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

Complicaciones agudas, Trasplante pulmonar, Trasplante pulmonar asistido con soporte cardiocirculatorio, Transplante pulmonar, Lung transplantation, Acute complications, Complicacións agudas, ECMO, Transplante pulmonar asistido con soporte cardiocirculatorio, Cardiopulmonary assisted lung transplant

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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