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Los efectos de los huracanes en la navegación marítima

Authors: Antolín Aguayo, Víctor;

Los efectos de los huracanes en la navegación marítima

Abstract

[Resumen] Produciéndose la mayor parte de su ciclo evolutivo en el Atlántico Norte, los huracanes son fenómenos capaces de generar condiciones meteorológicas extremas, en muchos casos incompatibles con la seguridad de las vidas humanas en el mar. Con vientos superiores a los 64 nudos, lluvias torrenciales u olas que en ocasiones alcanzan los 100 pies, el principio fundamental para eludir estas condiciones será el correcto conocimiento acerca de estos fenómenos. Fruto de un continuo estudio a lo largo de décadas, en la actualidad existen numerosos servicios meteorológicos y herramientas que facilitan al marino la toma de decisiones, tanto a la hora de planificar la derrota como durante la navegación. La planificación de la navegación en áreas donde existe el riesgo de interactuar con un ciclón tropical, como se verá en este trabajo, exige al marino además de un correcto conocimiento sobre estos fenómenos, un seguimiento continuo de las condiciones meteorológicas en todas las etapas de la travesía mediante el uso combinado de productos meteorológicos y las observaciones meteorológicas que confirmen la seguridad del buque y su tripulación en todo momento. Sin embargo, pese a los avances y la aparición de nuevas técnicas que mejoran la seguridad de la navegación, catástrofes como la del buque SS El Faro durante el Huracán Joaquín en el año 2015, reflejan la gran dificultad de actuar frente a estos fenómenos debido a su carácter impredecible y la necesidad de desarrollar nuevos procedimientos que eviten a los buques exponerse ante estos peligros.

[Resumo] Producíndose a maior parte do seu ciclo evolutivo no Atlántico Norte, os furacáns son fenómenos capaces de xerar condicións meteorolóxicas extremas, en moitos casos incompatibles coa seguridade das vidas humanas no mar. Con ventos superiores aos 64 nós, choivas torrenciais ou ondas que en ocasións acadan os 100 pés, o principio fundamental para eludir estas condicións será o correcto coñecemento de estes fenómenos. Froito dun continuo estudo ao longo de décadas, na actualidade existen numerosos servizos meteorolóxicos e ferramentas que facilitan ao mariño a toma de decisión, tanto á hora de planificar a derrota como durante a navegación. A planificación da navegación en áreas onde existe o risco de interactuar cun ciclón tropical, como se verá neste traballo, exixe ao mariño ademais dun correcto coñecemento sobre estes fenómenos, un seguimento continuo das condicións meteorolóxicas en todas as etapas da travesía mediante o uso combinado de produtos meteorolóxicos e as observacións meteorolóxicas que confirmen a seguridade do buque e a súa tripulación en todo o momento. Con todo, a pesar dos avances e a aparición de novas técnicas que melloran a seguridade da navegación, catástrofes como a do buque SS El Faro durante o furacán Joaquín no ano 2015, reflicten a gran dificultade de actuar fronte a estes fenómenos debido ao seu carácter impredicible e a necesidade de desenvolver novos procedementos que eviten aos buques expoñerse ante estes perigos.

[Abstract] With most of their evolutionary cycle developing in the North Atlantic, hurricanes can produce extreme weather conditions, incompatible in many cases with the safety of human life at sea. With winds exceeding 64 knots, torrential rain and waves that can reach up to 100 feet, the main principle to avoid these conditions will be an adequate knowledge of these phenomena. As a result of continuous study over decades, there are currently numerous meteorological services and tools that facilitate decision-making for the seafarer, both when planning the route and during navigation. The planning of navigation in areas where there is a risk of interacting with a tropical cyclone, as it will be seen in this work, requires the seafarer, in addition to a proper knowledge of these phenomena, a continuous monitoring of meteorological conditions in all stages of the voyage through the combined use of meteorological products and meteorological observations that confirm the safety of the ship and its crew at all times. However, despite advances and the development of new techniques that improve navigation safety, disasters such as that of the ship SS El Faro during Hurricane Joaquín in 2015, reveal the great difficulty of acting against these phenomena due to its unpredictability and the need to develop new procedures that prevent ships from being exposed to these dangers.

Traballo fin de grao (UDC.ETSNEM). Náutica e transporte marítimo. Curso 2021/2022

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

Huracanes, Navegación marítima, Planificación de navegación

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green