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Eficacia de los ejercicios respiratorios en el asma bronquial de adultos: una revisión de la literatura

Eficacy of breathing exercises in adults with asthma: a literature review
Authors: Vicente Villamor, Diego;

Eficacia de los ejercicios respiratorios en el asma bronquial de adultos: una revisión de la literatura

Abstract

[Resumen] OBJETIVO. El objetivo principal de la presente revisión es determinar la presencia de evidencia existente acerca del uso de los ejercicios respiratorios sobre la calidad de vida, el control del asma, los valores espirométricos (FEV1 y PEF) y el número de exacerbaciones en el paciente asmático adulto. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS. Se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos de Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web Of Science, Pubmed y PEdro durante los meses de Marzo y Abril de 2018 empleando las siguientes palabras clave: “asthma”, “breathing exercises”, “respiratory therapy”, “breathing techniques”, “Buteyko”, “diaphragmatic breathing exercises”, “pranayama”, “breathing retraining” y “pursed-lip expiration exercises”. Se añadieron aquellos ensayos clínicos publicados en los últimos 5 años en español, inglés, francés y portugués. RESULTADOS. Se encontraron un total de 6 artículos que cumplieran los criterios de inclusión y exclusión y, en su mayoría, arrojaron resultados positivos en las distintas variables resultado del paciente asmático. CONCLUSIONES. A pesar de utilizar en los distintos estudios protocolos de ejercicios respiratorios heterogéneos, los resultados han sido positivos en relación a la aplicación de ejercicios respiratorios en combinación con la terapia farmacológica en el paciente asmático adulto. Además, ha habido mejoras estadísticamente significativas en las variables resultado de calidad de vida, control del asma, valores espirométricos (FEV1 y PEF) y número de exacerbaciones especialmente en los grupos tratados mediante el método Buteyko. Por otro lado, no ha habido efectos negativos en ninguno de los estudios por la aplicación de los ejercicios respiratorios.

[Abstract] OBJECTIVE. The main objective of the present review is to determine the presence of existing evidence about the use of breathing exercises on life quality, asthma control, spirometric values (FEV1 and PEF) and the number of irritations in an asthmatic adult patient. MATERIAL AND METHODOLOGY. During the months of March and April 2018, a search has been done on the databases Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web Of Science, Pubmed and PEdro using the next keywords: “asthma”, “breathing exercises”, “respiratory therapy”, “breathing techniques”, “Buteyko”, “diaphragmatic breathing exercises”, “pranayama”, “breathing retraining” and “pursed-lip expiration exercises”. The clinical trials published in the last 5 years in Spanish, English, French and Protuguese were also added. RESULTS. Six articles were found that comply with inclusion and exclusion criteria and, in most cases positive results were shown in different variables result of the asthmatic patient. CONCLUSIONS. In spite of using in the different studies an heterogeneous breathing exercise protocol, the results have been positive according to the application of breathing exercises combined with pharmacological therapy in the asthmatic adult patient. Besides, there has been a statistically significant improvement in the variables resulting from life quality, asthma control, spirometric values (FEV1 and PEF) and the number of irritations specially in the groups treated by the Buteyko method. On the other hand, there has been no negative effects in none of the studies of the application of breathing exercises.

Traballo fin de grao (UDC.FCS). Fisioterapia. Curso 2017/2018

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

Breathing retraining, Fisioterapia respiratoria, Reentrenamiento respiratorio, Pursed-lip breathing exercises, Respiración con labios fruncidos, Asthma, Breathing techniques, Diaphragmatic breathing exercises, Breathing exercises, Ejercicios respiratorios diafragmáticos, Técnicas respiratorias, Buteyko, Pranayama, Respiratory therapy, Ejercicios respiratorios, Asma

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green