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Aislamiento e identificación de productos naturales bioactivos

Illamento e identificación de productos naturais bioactivos
Authors: Pérez Quintiana, María Alejandra;

Aislamiento e identificación de productos naturales bioactivos

Abstract

[Resumen] En este trabajo de fin de grado se ha procurado adquirir los conocimientos necesarios para llevar a cabo el aislamiento, purificación y determinación estructural de compuestos naturales bioactivos. Para ello, se ha dividido en tres partes fundamentales que conlleva el trabajo de investigación en este campo de la química de productos naturales de origen marino. Parte I. En la primera parte de la memoria se estudia una fracción de la esponja Ircina strobilina empleando métodos cromatográficos. Para el aislamiento de los metabolitos presentes en dicha fracción se utiliza una columna de exclusión molecular Sephadex LH-20 y la posterior purificación de las fracciones obtenidas mediante HPLC. Parte II. En la segunda parte se realiza la caracterización completa de un macrociclo de origen marino PM120021 empleando espectroscopia de RMN mono y bidimensional para la elucidación de su estructura plana. Parte III. La tercera parte del trabajo se centra en el empleo de cálculos computacionales que permitieron determinar la estereoquímica relativa de dos centros quirales adyacentes los cuales poseían átomos de O y N. Este estudio se hace a partir de las constantes teóricas homo y heteronucleares realizando una comparación de las mismas con las constantes experimentales obtenidas previamente por otros miembros del grupo de investigación. Se realizan los cálculos computacionales empleando dos tipos de funcionales de densidad (DFT) lo que permite decidir cuál es más adecuado asumiendo un buen compromiso entre coste computacional y exactitud.

[Resumo] Neste traballo de fin de grao procurouse adquirir os coñecementos necesarios para levar a cabo o illamento, purificación e determinación estrutural de compostos naturais bioactivos. Para iso, dividiuse en tres partes fundamentais que supoñen o traballo de investigación neste campo da química de produtos naturais de orixe mariño. Parte I. Na primeira parte da memoria estúdase una fracción da esponxa Ircina strobilina empregando métodos cromatográficos. Para o illamento dos metabolitos presentes na devandita fracción utilízase unha columna de exclusión molecular Sephadex LH-20 e a posterior purificación das fraccións obtidas mediante HPLC. Parte II. Na segunda parte realízase a caracterización completa dun macrociclo de orixe mariño PM120021 empregando espectroscopia RMN mono e bidimensional para a elucidación da súa estrutura plana. Parte III. A terceira parte do traballo céntrase no emprego de cálculos computacionais, que permitiron determinar a estereoquímica relativa de dous centros quirais xuntos os cales posuían átomos de O e N. Este estudio fíxose a partir das constantes teóricas homo e heteronucleares comparando as mesmas coas constantes experimentais obtidas previamente por outro membros do grupo de investigación. Realízanse os cálculos empregando dous tipos de funcionais de densidade (DFT) o que permite decidir cal é o máis axeitado para realizar os cálculos asumindo un bo compromiso entre custe computacional e exactitude.

[Abstract] In this work I have tried to acquire the knowledge necessary to carry out the isolation, purification and structure determination of bioactive natural compounds. In order to do develop this activity, the research work was divided in three crucial parts in this field of the chemistry of natural products from marine origin. Part I. The first goal of this work, a polar fraction of the sponge Ircina strobilina was studied using chromatographic methods. For the isolation of the metabolites present in that fraction, a molecular exclusion chromatography type Sephadex LH-20, was used and the subsequent purification of the main subfractions was done by using of HPLC methods. Part II. In the second goal was the complete planar structure characterization of a macrocycle (PM120021) from marine origin using mono and two-dimensional NMR approximations. Part III. The third aim of this work was focussed on the use of computer calculations to determine the relative stereochemistry of two adjacent chiral centers possessing O and N atoms. This study was based on the comparison of theoretical homo and heteronuclear coupling constants and the experimental ones previously obtained by other members of the research group. The theoretical calculations were acquired by using two different density functionals (DFT) which allowed us to select the best one assuming a good compromise between computational cost and accuracy.

Traballo fin de grao (UDC.CIE). Química. Curso 2014/2015

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

Compuestos macrocíclicos, Refinación, Compuestos bioactivos, Estereoquímica, Metabolitos marinos

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green