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Percepción de la salud : determinantes sociales en la atención primaria

Authors: Souto-Camba, Sonia;

Percepción de la salud : determinantes sociales en la atención primaria

Abstract

[Resumen]La percepción de salud (PS) es un indicador subjetivo del estado de salud, usado en las encuestas de salud en Atención Primaria. OBJETIVO: Explorar la PS de los habitantes de un barrio con contrastes socioeconómicos, identificando sus principales determinantes sociales. MÉTODOS: Usando datos de una encuesta de salud efectuada a 1032 personas ≥ 15 años, residentes en tres zonas de un mismo barrio, se analizan las relaciones existentes entre la PS y las diferentes variables explicatorias (de tipo socioeconómico, de apoyo comunitario, de comportamientos negligentes relacionados con la salud, y de salud percibida y diagnosticada). Se realizó un análisis discriminante para definir las variables predictoras de la mejor salud de los vecinos frente a la peor salud. Una regresión lineal valoró el comportamiento de la PS frente a las variable territorio, variables sociodemográficas y sexo. RESULTADOS: Salud diagnosticada y percibida fueron las variables más relevantes para predecir de la salud de los vecinos. Territorio y clase social ejercieron también un papel predictor. Hubo un papel diferencial de la clase social en función del sexo. En las mujeres, la educación es el elemento facilitador de la PS, frente al empleo y los ingesos en los hombres. Las variables predictoras de una mejor PS (socioeconómicas) son diferentes a las que predicen una peor PS (asociadas con la experiencia directa de salud). CONCLUSIONES: Se define la población vulnerable como la de menos ingresos, menor nivel educativo, mayor edad, mayoritariamente mujeres y que residen en Viñedo Viejo, demostrando la existencia de inequidades en salud.

[Abstract] Self-rated perception is a subjective indicator of health, commonly used in health surveys in Primary Care. The aim of the study is to explore the self-rated perception in the inhabitants of a neighbourhood of socioeconomic differences, and to identify its main social determinants. MÉTHODS: Using data from a health survey from a cohort of 1032 people ≥ 15 age, living in three different areas of the neighbourhood, we explore the relationship between the Self-rated perception and the explanatory variables (a set of socioeconomic, social support, risk factor, perceived and diagnoses health). Discriminatory analysis was used to identify the predictors of good selfrated perceived health versus a worse one. Lineal regression analysis was used to asses the self-rated performance in relation to the explanatory variables territory, socioeconomics and sex. RESULTADOS: Diagnosed health and perceived health were the more relevant predictors of self-rated health. Territory and social class were also important predictors. It was find a differential role of social class in relation to sex. In women, education is a provider of a better self-rated health. In man, it is employ and income. Predictors of a better self-rated health (socioeconomic variables) are different form predictors of a worse self-rated health (variables linked to the direct experience of health). CONCLUSIONS: The vulnerable population it is defined as the less income, less educational level, high age, preferably women, and living in Viñedo Viejo. That shows the existence of inequities in health in the neighbourghood.

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

Salud, Zaragoza, Encuesta de salud, Determinantes sociales de la salud, Salud comunitaria, Health survey, Aragón, Percepción de la salud, Encuestas, Social determinants of health, Self-rated health, Aspecto social, Salud pública, Community health

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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