To investigate the chemical constituents from the aerial part of Atractylodes macrocephala.The constituents were isolated and purified by repeated column chromatography on silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 and ODS. Their structures were identified by physicochemical properties and spectrum analysis.Fourteen compounds were isolated and identified as atractylenolide I-III (1-3), 2-[(2E) -3, 7-dimethyl-2, 6-octadienyl]-6-methyl-2, 5-cyclohexadiene-1, 4-dione(4), 2, 6-dimethoxyphenol (5), scopoletin (6), 4-methoxycinnamic acid (7), caffeic acid (8), ferulic acid (9) protocatechuic acid (10), 3-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3- methoxyphenyl) propan-1-one (11), dictamnoside A (12), syringin (13), D-mannitol (14).All the compounds were isolated from the aerial part of A. macrocephala for the first time and compounds 4, 5, 7-12, 14 were isolated from this species for the first time.