This paper illustrates the results of the collaborative relationship between the University of Florence and the University, the Department for Urban Development and the Municipal Council of Herat, aimed at the formulation of a new strategic Masterplan (SMP) for the city of Herat. In particular the paper illustrates the systematic programme of analysis undertaken to construct an updated information base on current socio-demographic and territorial situation of the urban area, and some findings testifying the deep changes that have been taking place in the last decades. Moreover, the paper deals with a more detailed description of the analysis process and the proposed strategic actions as regards to the transportation urban sub-system.