This paper illustrates the transportation topics included in the new Strategic Masterplan of Herat city (Afghanistan), as a result of a collaborative relationship between the University of Florence and the University, the Department for Urban Development and the Municipal Council of Herat. Starting from a systematic analysis program aimed to build an updated information base on the current situation of the urban area, a set of planning actions regarding the transportation system has been identified. The developed strategy has been fully integrated with the urban planning process, pursuing a sustainable growth vision shared with the local community and compliant with the cultural heart of the city.