Knee pain is a common presenting complaint by athletes and the general population. Disorders of the patellofemoral joint are responsible for most of these disorders. Abnormal patellar tracking is thought to be the principal cause. Patellar tracking is influenced by a number of dynamic and static factors. These can be assessed with a careful history and physical examination. A treatment program can be designed to alter the precipitating factors. Lower-extremity malalignment, principally hyperpronation of the foot, is believed to be a major cause of abnormal patellar tracking. Conservative treatment programs have had successful results, and less emphasis is now being placed on surgical procedures.