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Hybridization of pumped-storage hydropower plant with battery energy storage for secondary frequency regulation

Authors: Andzevicius, Gvidas;

Hybridization of pumped-storage hydropower plant with battery energy storage for secondary frequency regulation

Abstract

Pumped-storage hydropower plants (PSP) play a key role in providing flexibility and secondary frequency regulation in modern power systems. However, continuous operation under frequency regulation requires fast and frequent power adjustments, which translate into intensive guide vane movements and increased mechanical stress on hydraulic and mechanical components. Over time, this operating regime accelerates wear, increases maintenance requirements, and may reduce the lifetime of critical assets. In this context, the hybridization of pumped-storage units with battery energy storage systems (BESS) emerges as an effective solution to support rapid power variations while alleviating mechanical stress on the hydro unit. This work investigates the hybrid operation of a pumped-storage unit assisted by a battery system, with the aim of quantifying the benefits of battery support during secondary frequency regulation. A detailed dynamic model of the hydraulic unit, including the hydraulic circuit, pump-turbine, generator, and control system, is developed using the SIMSEN simulation environment. The model is calibrated and validated using high- resolution operational data from a real plant, ensuring that the non-hybrid behavior is accurately reproduced before introducing battery assistance. The hybrid configuration is implemented by coupling the battery system in parallel with the hydraulic unit, and a parametric analysis is carried out to assess the impact of battery power, ramping capability, and energy capacity. Key performance indicators are defined to evaluate mechanical wear, operational behavior, and dynamic response. The results show that even a relatively small battery, sized at a few percent of the unit rated power, can significantly reduce guide vane activity, mechanical effort, and response time during frequency regulation. These findings demonstrate that battery-assisted hybridization represents an effective strategy to enhance operational flexibility while preserving the mechanical integrity of pumped-storage assets.

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

Automatic control, Energy storage, Màquines elèctriques, Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Energies, Electric machines, Energia--Emmagatzematge, Control automàtic

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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