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Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA
Bachelor thesis . 2025
License: CC BY NC ND
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Disseny d'un exoesquelet passiu per reduir la fatiga en treballs industrials

Authors: Parada Rolán, Daniel;

Disseny d'un exoesquelet passiu per reduir la fatiga en treballs industrials

Abstract

Los exoesqueletos pasivos se han consolidado como soluciones eficaces para reducir la carga biomecánica en trabajos repetitivos. En particular, los de tren superior han demostrado disminuir la fatiga muscular durante tareas prolongadas. El trabajo se enmarca en esa línea, proponiendo un diseño optimizado de bajo coste, orientado a reducir el esfuerzo necesario para elevar los brazos. Para ello, se ha realizado una revisión de modelos existentes, un análisis de componentes, selección de materiales adecuados y simulaciones mecánicas en SolidWorks. Se ha obtenido un diseño funcional que asiste entre un 30% y un 55% del esfuerzo requerido para levantar el brazo mediante la ayuda de un muelle de tracción. La simulación confirma que las piezas críticas resisten las cargas de trabajo y el coste total del sistema es significativamente inferior al de la competencia. Por tanto, este trabajo presenta una solución viable y accesible para tareas que requieren elevación prolongada de brazos, ya que aporta un equilibrio entre simplicidad mecánica, eficacia y adaptabilidad con potenciales aplicaciones en sectores industriales. Como siguiente paso, se propone la fabricación del prototipo físico para validar empíricamente la reducción de carga muscular y estudiar su comportamiento dinámico real.

Els exoesquelets passius s'han consolidat com a solucions eficaces per reduir la càrrega biomecànica en treballs repetitius. En particular, els de tren superior han demostrat disminuir la fatiga muscular durant tasques perllongades. El treball s'emmarca en aquesta línia, proposant un disseny optimitzat de baix cost orientat a reduir l'esforç necessari per elevar els braços. Per això, s'ha realitzat una revisió de models existents, una anàlisi de components, selecció de materials adequats i simulacions mecàniques a SolidWorks. S’ha obtingut un disseny funcional que assisteix entre un 30% i un 55% de l’esforç requerit per aixecar el braç mitjançant l’ajuda d’un moll de tracció. La simulació confirma que les peces crítiques resisteixen les càrregues de treball i el cost total del sistema és significativament inferior al de la competència. Per tant, aquest treball presenta una solució viable i accessible per a tasques que requereixen elevació perllongada de braços, ja que aporta un equilibri entre simplicitat mecànica, eficàcia i adaptabilitat amb aplicacions potencials en sectors industrials. Com a pas següent, es proposa la fabricació del prototip físic per validar empíricament la reducció de càrrega muscular i estudiar el comportament dinàmic real.

Passive exoskeletons have established themselves as effective solutions for reducing biomechanical loading in repetitive tasks. In particular, upper-body exoskeletons have been shown to reduce muscle fatigue during prolonged tasks. This work follows this line of work, proposing an optimized, low-cost design aimed at reducing the effort required to raise the arms. To this end, a review of existing models, component analysis, selection of appropriate materials, and mechanical simulations in SolidWorks were performed. A functional design was obtained that assists between 30% and 55% of the effort required to raise the arm with the help of a tension spring. The simulation confirms that critical parts withstand the workloads, and the total system cost is significantly lower than the competition. Therefore, this work presents a viable and accessible solution for tasks requiring prolonged arm raising, as it provides a balance between mechanical simplicity, efficiency, and adaptability with potential applications in industrial sectors. As a next step, the fabrication of the physical prototype is proposed to empirically validate the reduction in muscle load and study its actual dynamic behavior.

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

Materials -- Mechanical properties, Exoesquelet, Materials -- Propietats mecàniques, Fatiga, moment flector, SolidWorks, Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria mecànica, Robotic exoskeletons -- Mechanical properties, Fatigue, Exoesquelets robòtics -- Propietats mecàniques, tensió admissible.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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Green