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Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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Evaluación hidráulica en laboratorio de goteros de bajo caudal usados en cultivos intensivos bajo plástico

Authors: Reyes Requena, Rafael; Baeza Cano, Rafael J.; Roldán Cañas, José; Cánovas Fernández, Gema;

Evaluación hidráulica en laboratorio de goteros de bajo caudal usados en cultivos intensivos bajo plástico

Abstract

En este trabajo, se han evaluado hidráulicamente una selección de goteros de bajo caudal escogidos entre los más usados en el riego de cultivos hortícolas en invernaderos bajo plástico en la provincia de Almería. Este tipo de goteros son los ofrecidos actualmente por los fabricantes. Esta caracterización hidráulica proporcionará su caudal y su uniformidad de emisión que son los parámetros fundamentales para el estudio de la eficiencia en el uso del agua en riego por goteo. En total, han sido 21 los goteros analizados, distinguiendo según su tipo de inserción (interlínea, pinchados e integrados), según su comportamiento hidráulico (compensantes y no compensantes) y, dentro de los compensantes, antidrenantes y no antidrenantes. Todos ellos con un caudal nominal entre 1 y 2,4 L·h-1. Los ensayos han sido realizados siguiendo los criterios de la norma ISO 9261-2004 para el cálculo del coeficiente de variación debido a la fabricación y la ecuación de gasto del emisor en un banco de ensayos. Los resultados muestran un buen comportamiento de la mayoría de los emisores y un bajo valor del coeficiente de variación de caudal debido a la fabricación. En el caso de los emisores compensantes, el exponente hidráulico de la ecuación de gasto es próximo a cero. No se han encontrado diferencias significativas entre los coeficientes de variación de caudal debido a la fabricación entre emisores compensantes y no compensantes, ni tampoco se han encontrado diferencias significativas entre los compensantes según fueran antidrenantes o no antidrenantes, en relación con este coeficiente. En el caso de los emisores antidrenantes, las presiones de cierre no se cumplen en ningún caso y las presiones de apertura solo en el 50% de los casos.

A selection of drip irrigation emitters used in greenhouse horticultural crops in the province of Almeria, Spain, were hydraulically evaluated, studying their hydraulic behavior and whether they meet with quality standards. Since manufacturers are offering lower flow emitters less spaced, all drippers tested are low flow. The hydraulic characterization will indicate the discharge and emission uniformity of the manufactured emitters, which are the fundamental parameters for the study of water use efficiency in drip irrigation. In total, 21 emitters have been evaluated, including all possible drippers according to their type of insertion (inline, pinched or online and interline), hydraulic behaviour (non-compensating and self-compensating) and, within the compensating ones, (anti-draining and non anti-draining). Its nominal flow rates are between 1 and 2.4 L·h-1. To carry out these tests, the criteria of the ISO 9261:2004

Peer Reviewed

Country
Spain
Keywords

riego por goteo, Aigua -- Abastament, Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria civil::Enginyeria hidràulica, marítima i sanitària, ecuación de gasto, coeficiente de variación de caudal debido a la fabricación, norma ISO 9261-2004, Water-supply

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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