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Disseny conceptual, formal i funcional d’una pròtesi de mà, des d'una percepció més humanitzada

Authors: Milan Moreno, Maria;

Disseny conceptual, formal i funcional d’una pròtesi de mà, des d'una percepció més humanitzada

Abstract

En aquest document es recull el procés de disseny d’una pròtesis de mà des d’un punt de vista més humanitzat per a pacients que tenen una mancança de l'extremitat superior deguda a una amputació o malformació congènita des de l’avantbraç. Pel disseny de la pròtesis es tenen en compte aspectes anatòmics per a la comprensió del funcionament de l’extremitat superior, estudiant així l’estructura òssia, la musculatura i com s’originen els diversos moviments de la mà. Després de realitzar un briefing de requeriments per a la pròtesis, es desenvolupen diversos dissenys conceptuals els quals son sotmesos a una matriu de Pugh per tal d’escollir un disseny a desenvolupar. El resultat és una pròtesi en què els moviments dels dits són independents, i els eixos de gir del dit polze, petit i anular es troben desplaçats al palmell de la mà, aconseguint un moviment més natural i una major precisió en la manipulació d’objectes. A continuació es realitza un estudi de materials en que tots són disposats en una matriu per poder escollir el més adient per a la pròtesis tenint en compte els requeriments inicials. Per altre banda es seleccionen components externs per la part electrònica del dispositiu tenint en compte les característiques necessàries pel funcionament desitjat. Això permet elaborar un pressupost per a la producció de la pròtesi. Finalment amb els càlculs justificatius es pot concloure que tant el disseny com l’elecció del material i el mètode de producció són adequats per obtenir un disseny final funcional que compleix amb els objectius inicials del projecte.

This document outlines the design process of a hand prosthesis from a more humanized perspective for patients who lack an upper limb due to amputation or congenital malformation from the forearm onward. For the design of the prosthesis, anatomical aspects are taken into account to understand the functioning of the upper limb, studying the bone structure, musculature, and how the various movements of the hand originate. After conducting a requirements briefing for the prosthesis, several conceptual designs are developed, which are then subjected to a Pugh matrix to select a design for further development. The result is a prosthesis where the movements of the fingers are independent, and the axes of rotation for the thumb, little finger, and ring finger are shifted into the palm, achieving more natural movement and greater precision in object manipulation. Next, a material study is conducted, where all options are arranged in a Pugh matrix to select the most suitable material for the prosthesis, considering the initial requirements. Additionally, external components for the electronic part of the device are selected, taking into account the necessary characteristics for the desired functionality. This allows for the preparation of a production budget for the prosthesis. Finally, with the supporting calculations, it can be concluded that the design, material selection, and production method are all suitable to achieve a functional final design that meets the initial objectives of the project.

Keywords

Elèctrodes, Parametrització, Estimulació, Artificial joints, Prosthesis, Articulacions artificials, Hand, Musculatura, Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria biomèdica, Mans, Adducció, Pròtesis, Pròtesi, Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Arquitectura::Disseny::Disseny industrial, Impressió 3D, Electromiograma, Extensió

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
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