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Proyecto de una microcentral hidráulica

Authors: Charco Chulca, Bryan Omar;

Proyecto de una microcentral hidráulica

Abstract

El presente proyecto tiene como objetivo determinar la viabilidad de la construcción de una microcentral hidroeléctrica. El estudio se centrará en los ensayos del generador para evaluar su funcionamiento real y determinar su rendimiento con diferentes cargas. Se llevará a cabo el diseño y dimensionamiento de una turbina que se acoplará al generador, y se desarrollará un programa de simulación de los parámetros de la turbina y del caudal necesario. También se buscarán los elementos auxiliares que se conectarán entre el generador y la turbina y sistemas de protección para su correcto funcionamiento. Actualmente, una parte significativa del consumo energético en España proviene de la generación no renovable (35,1%), mientras que una gran parte se origina a partir de energía renovable (64,9%). El consumo de energía a partir de recursos no renovables es perjudicial para el medio ambiente debido a su carácter no renovable y su efecto invernadero. Por esta razón, es importante utilizar recursos de energía renovable, como la energía hidráulica, que es el tercer recurso más utilizado en la generación renovable. La energía hidráulica se convierte en energía eléctrica mediante la rotación de turbinas gracias al caudal del río. A diferencia de otras fuentes de energía, la energía hidráulica permite una producción continua de 24 horas, ya que depende únicamente del caudal del agua. Además, es la única de las tres principales fuentes de energía renovable (junto con la eólica y la solar) que no emite CO^2 a la atmósfera, lo que la hace más atractiva en términos de contaminación. Asimismo, la energía hidráulica permite vender el exceso de energía generado durante las horas en que el sistema de generación no alimenta a otro sistema. En los últimos meses del año 2024 (febrero, marzo y abril), la energía hidráulica se ha posicionado como la principal fuente de generación en comparación con la eólica y la solar, gracias a las lluvias que han incrementado notablemente el flujo del agua

This project aims to determine the feasibility of constructing a micro hydroelectric power plant. The study will focus on testing the generator to evaluate its actual performance and determine its efficiency with different loads. The design and sizing of a turbine to be coupled to the generator will be carried out, and a simulation program for the turbine parameters and the required flow rate will be developed. Additionally, auxiliary elements to be connected between the generator and the turbine . Currently, a significant portion of energy consumption in Spain comes from non-renewable generation (35.1%), while a large part is derived from renewable energy (64.9%). The consumption of energy from non-renewable resources is detrimental to the environment due to its non-renewable nature and greenhouse effect. Therefore, it is important to use renewable energy resources, such as hydroelectric power, which is the third most used resource in renewable generation. Hydroelectric power is converted into electrical energy through the rotation of turbines thanks to the river's flow. Unlike other energy sources, hydroelectric power allows continuous 24-hour production, as it only depends on the water flow. Moreover, it is the only one among the three main renewable energy sources (along with wind and solar) that does not emit CO2 into the atmosphere, making hydroelectric power more attractive in terms of pollution. Furthermore, hydropower allows the sale of excess energy generated during the hours when the generation system does not feed another system. In the last months of 2024 (February, March, and April), hydroelectric power has become the leading source of generation compared to wind and solar energy, thanks to the rains that have significantly increased the water flow .

Country
Spain
Keywords

Hydraulic turbines, Microcentral hidráulica, 330, Electric generator, Generador eléctrico, Generadors elèctrics, Hydroelectric power, Hydroelectric power-plants, Hydraulic turbina, Turbines hidràuliques, Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria elèctrica::Distribució d’energia elèctrica::Centrals elèctriques, Electric generators, Centrals hidroelèctriques

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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