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Ictus y discapacidad visual. Revisión de literatura

Authors: Tufail, Ifrah;

Ictus y discapacidad visual. Revisión de literatura

Abstract

Introducción: El ictus es un síndrome clínico causado por una lesión cerebral focal o generalizada que dura más de 24 horas o que lleva a la muerte, y no tiene otra causa que la vascular. Ocurre cuando de forma repentina se rompe o se obstruye un vaso sanguíneo que irriga el cerebro, entonces las neuronas del área afectada no reciben suficiente oxígeno y mueren, provocando daño cerebral. Una de las múltiples secuelas del ictus es la afectación en la visión. Objetivo:Realizar una revisión bibliográfica sobre la discapacidad visual derivada del ictus para identificar publicaciones científicas recientes sobre el tema. Metodología: Se ha realizado una búsqueda bibliográfica a través de Pubmed en revistas revisadas por pares, restringiendo la búsqueda a artículos publicados en inglés entre los meses de enero de 2002 y diciembre de 2022. Se han utilizado las siguientes palabras clave: ''Stroke AND visual impairment'', ''Stroke AND vision'' y ''Stroke AND visual rehabilitation”. Resultados: Después de aplicar los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, se han seleccionado 41 artículos. La discapacidad visual afecta a casi el 60% de las personas que han sufrido un ictus, sobre todo en forma de pérdida del campo visual, pero también negligencia visual, alteraciones de la motilidad ocular, reducción de la agudeza visual y/o problemas de percepción visual. Los métodos de rehabilitación dependen de las necesidades y dificultades visuales de cada paciente. Conclusiones: La rehabilitación de la discapacidad visual subyacente a un ictus es un gran desafío, pues tiene importantes repercusiones en las actividades de vida diaria de la persona, y en su calidad de vida.

Introducció: L'ictus és una síndrome clínica causada per una lesió cerebral focal o generalitzada que dura més de 24 hores o que porta a la mort, i no té cap altra causa que la vascular. Ocorre quan de manera sobtada es trenca o s’obstrueix un vas sanguini que irriga el cervell, llavors les neurones de l’àrea afectada no reben prou oxigen i moren, provocant dany cerebral. Una de les múltiples seqüeles de l’ictus és l’afectació en la visió. Objectiu:Realitzar una revisió bibliogràfica sobre la discapacitat visual derivada de l'ictus per identificar publicacions científiques recents sobre el tema. Metodologia: S'ha dut a terme una cerca bibliogràfica a través de Pubmed en revistes revisades per parells, restringint la cerca a articles publicats en anglès entre els mesos de gener de 2002 i desembre de 2022. S’ha utilitzat les següents paraules clau: ''Stroke AND visual impairment'', ''Stroke AND vision'' i ''Stroke AND visual rehabilitation”. Resultats: Després d’aplicar els criteris d’inclusió i exclusió, s’ha seleccionat 41 articles. La discapacitat visual afecta gairebé el 60% de les persones que han patit un ictus, sobretot en forma de pèrdua del camp visual, però també negligència visual, alteracions de la motilitat ocular, reducció de l'agudesa visual i/o problemes de percepció visual. Els mètodes de rehabilitació depenen de les necessitats i dificultats visuals de cada pacient. Conclusions: La rehabilitació de la discapacitat visual subjacent a un ictus és un gran desafiament, doncs té unes repercussions importants en les activitats de vida diària de la persona, i en la seva qualitat de vida.

Introduction: Stroke is a clinical syndrome caused by a focal or generalized brain lesion that lasts more than 24 hours or that leads to death, and has no other cause than vascular. It occurs when a blood vessel supplying the brain ruptures or is suddenly blocked, then the neurons in the affected area do not receive enough oxygen and die, causing brain damage. One of the multiple sequelae of stroke is vision impairment. Objective: To carry out a literature review on visual impairment derived from stroke to identify scientific publications recently on the subject. Methodology: A bibliographic search has been carried out through Pubmed in peer-reviewed journals, restricting the search to articles published in English between January 2002 and December 2022. The following words have been used: ''Stroke AND visual impairment'', ''Stroke AND vision'' and ''Stroke AND visual rehabilitation”. Results: After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 41 articles have been selected. According to recent literature, visual impairment affects almost 60% of people who have suffered a stroke, especially in the form of loss of the visual field, but also visual negligence, alterations of ocular motility, reduced visual acuity and/or visual perception problems. Rehabilitation methods depend on the needs and visual difficulties of each patient. Conclusions: The rehabilitation of visual impairment underlying a stroke is a great challenge, since it has important repercussions on the person's daily life activities, and on their quality of life.

Country
Spain
Keywords

Discapacitats visuals, People with visual disabilities, Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Ciències de la visió::Optometria, Cerebrovascular disease, Malalties cerebrovasculars

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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