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Modificación superficial láser en aceros inoxidables austeníticos metaestables

Authors: Ramos i Correa, Ferran;

Modificación superficial láser en aceros inoxidables austeníticos metaestables

Abstract

La modificación superficial láser es una técnica moderna para mejorar las propiedades de los materiales. En este trabajo de fin de máster se ha aplicado la modificación láser en muestras de acero inoxidable austenítico metaestable con el objetivo de optimizar los parámetros de control: frecuencia, intensidad, velocidad de escaneo, distancia entre líneas y orientación de las líneas. Por ello, la caracterización del acero tratado por un láser Nd:YLF con haz pulsado de nanosegundos se ha realizado mediante la evaluación de su dureza, rugosidad, microestructura y comportamiento a tracción. La dureza fue estudiada a partir de ensayos de microdureza Vickers, la rugosidad a partir de microscopía confocal y el uso de un perfilómetro, la microestructura se estudió utilizando la difracción de rayos X y finalmente se efectuaron ensayos de tracción. La relación de mayor dureza junto con mínima rugosidad fue obtenida cuando se usaron altas intensidades (4 A) junto con elevadas velocidades de escaneo (5 bit/s). Otros parámetros como la frecuencia y la orientación de las líneas no tuvieron un gran impacto en las características estudiadas. En cambio, se observó como el acercamiento entre líneas disminuyó la rugosidad de las muestras. Finalmente, la modificación superficial láser no mostró cambios relevantes en el comportamiento a tracción del acero.

La modificació superficial làser és una moderna tècnica per a millorar les propietats dels materials. En aquest treball de fi de màster s’ha aplicat la modificació làser a mostres d’acer inoxidable austenític metaestable amb l’objectiu d’optimitzar els paràmetres de control: freqüència, intensitat, velocitat d’escaneig, distancia entre línies i orientació de línies. Per aquest motiu, la caracterització de l’acer tractat per un làser Nd:YLF de feix polsat de nanosegons s’ha realitzat mitjançant l’avaluació de la seva duresa, rugositat, microestructura i comportament a tracció. La duresa ha estat estudiada a partir d’assajos de microduresa Vickers, la rugositat a partir de microscòpia confocal i l’ús d’un perfilòmetre, la microestructura es va estudiar fent servir la difracció de raigs X i finalment es varen efectuar assajos de tracció. La relació de major duresa conjuntament amb la mínima rugositat va ser obtinguda fent servir intensitats altes (4 A) i velocitats elevades (5 bit/s). Altres paràmetres com la freqüència i l’orientació de les línies no van tenir un gran impacte en les característiques estudiades. En canvi, es va observar com l’apropament entre línies disminuïa la rugositat de les mostres. Finalment, la modificació superficial làser no va mostrar canvis rellevants en el comportament a tracció de l’acer.

The laser surface modification is a modern technique to improve the properties of materials. In this master's thesis, laser modification has been applied to metastable austenitic stainless steel samples with the aim of optimizing the control parameters: frequency, intensity, scanning speed, distance between lines and orientation of the lines. For this reason, the characterization of the steel treated by a Nd:YLF laser with a pulsed nanosecond beam has been performed by evaluating its hardness, roughness, microstructure and tensile behaviour. The hardness was studied by performing Vickers microhardness tests, the roughness by using confocal microscopy and the use of a profilometer, the microstructure was studied using X-ray diffraction and finally tensile tests were accomplished. The ratio of higher hardness together with minimum roughness was obtained when using high intensities (4 A) together with high scanning speeds (5 bit/s). Other parameters such as the frequency or the orientation of the lines did not have a great impact on the characteristics studied. On the other hand, it was observed how the approach between lines decreased the roughness of the samples. Finally, the laser surface modification did not show relevant changes in the traction behaviour of the steel.

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Keywords

Materials -- Mechanical properties, Materials -- Propietats mecàniques, Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria dels materials, Steel, AISI 301NL, Acer -- Propietats, Modificación superficial láser, aceros inoxidables austeníticos metaestables, :Enginyeria dels materials [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC]

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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