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Upcycling opaque PET by reactive extrusion

Authors: Hacksell, Eric;

Upcycling opaque PET by reactive extrusion

Abstract

Este trabajo se realizó en el marco del proyecto RevalPET UP, cuyo objetivo es encontrar nuevas formas de reciclar los residuos de tereftalato de polietileno opaco (rPET-O) para convertirlos en uno nuevo material primario. Recientemente, el PET blanco opaco se ha utilizado como material para las botellas de leche en Francia. Las botellas contienen hasta un 15% de nanopartículas de dióxido de titanio (TiO2), que protegen la leche de la degradación por los rayos UV y de la permeación de gases en la botella. Sin embargo, la presencia de este material perturba el flujo de reciclaje, ya que elimina la transparencia en caso de que se mezcle con el PET transparente, además de que sus propiedades mecánicas son insuficientes para convertirse en un nuevo material primario por sí solo. La extrusión reactiva con un agente extensor de cadena puede utilizarse para mejorar las propiedades de este material. En este trabajo se investigó la extrusión reactiva de rPET-O con el oligómero epoxídico multifuncional Joncryl ADR 4400 al 0, 1 y 1,5wt%. También se varió la velocidad de rotación de los tornillos de la extrusora de doble tornillo entre 40rpm y 80rpm. Se comprobó que la viscosidad intrínseca aumentaba al máximo con la adición de 1wt% de extensor de cadena, mientras que la velocidad de rotación no era importante para esta propiedad. La temperatura de fusión y la temperatura de cristalización disminuyeron ligeramente tras la extrusión reactiva, pero no cambiaron con la concentración de Joncryl ni con las diferentes velocidades de rotación del tornillo. La viscosidad compleja y el módulo de almacenamiento fueron los más elevados para el 1wt% de Joncryl y una velocidad de rotación de 40rpm, lo que indica que estas condiciones hicieron reaccionar más al extensor de cadena y al rPET-O. El alargamiento a la rotura fue el que más aumentó con la adición de 1wt% de Joncryl, ya que el material adquirió la capacidad de endurecerse por deformación tras el cuelgue. La adición de 1,5wt% de extensor de cadena Joncryl hizo que el material se volviera frágil.

This work was performed as a part of the project RevalPET UP, a project aiming to find new ways of recycling opaque polyethylene terephthalate waste (rPET-O) into a new primary material. Recently, white opaque PET has been used as a material for milk bottles in France. The bottles contain up to 15% titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles, protecting the milk from UV degradation and gas permeation into the bottle. However, the presence of this material disrupts the recycling flow as it removes the transparency should it be mixed with transparent PET as well as its mechanical properties being insufficient to become a new primary material on its own. Reactive extrusion with a chain extender agent can be used to improve the properties of this material. In this work, the reactive extrusion of rPET-O with the multifunctional epoxydic oligomer Joncryl ADR 4400 was investigated at 0, 1 and 1.5wt%. The rotation speed of the screws for the twin-screw extruder were also varied between 40rpm and 80rpm. It was found that the intrinsic viscosity increased the most for 1wt% addition of chain extender, while the rotation speed did not matter for this property. The melting temperature and crystallisation temperature was slightly decreased after reactive extrusion but did not change with Joncryl concentration nor with different screw rotation speeds. The complex viscosity and storage modulus were the highest for 1wt% Joncryl and a rotation speed of 40rpm, indicating that these conditions made the chain externder and the rPET-O react the most. The elongation at break increased the most with 1wt% addition of Joncryl, as the material gained the ability to strain harden after necking. The addition of 1.5wt% Joncryl chain extender made the material brittle.

Country
Spain
Keywords

Polietilè -- Reciclatge, Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria dels materials, PET, Polímers -- Reciclatge, :Enginyeria dels materials [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], Politereftalat d'etilè

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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
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