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handle: 2117/329127
En Latinoamérica el temor al delito es una preocupación constante, la cual se ha incorporado no solo en la retórica populista política sino también en la forma como se construyen las ciudades. En Costa Rica como en otras partes de la región, los barrios cerrados están dominando la zona urbana, alterando el tejido urbano e incrementando la segregación espacial. Esta investigación nace de la paradoja de si estos barrios cerrados que se han concebido como un ‘refugio’ contra el crimen, podrían por el contrario estar incrementando los sentimientos de inseguridad de las personas que viven en los barrios aledaños. Además, si esta percepción varía con el nivel de pobreza. La recolección de datos se llevó a cabo mediante caminatas con grupos de personas de ocho comunidades aledañas a estos barrios cerrados. Estas caminatas fueron georreferenciadas con Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG). También se llevaron a cabo grupos focales, entrevistas a profundidad y observaciones. De esta forma se realizaron mapas de percepción del entorno construido y su relación con la intensidad del miedo. Los resultados sugieren que la presencia del barrio cerrado incrementa las percepciones de inseguridad –en ciertos rangos de pobreza. Así mismo, debido a los altos niveles de segregación residencial, los miedos e ideas preconcebidas acerca de quienes viven dentro de los barrios cerrados afectan en la ansiedad de las personas que viven en los alrededores.
Fear of crime is a constant concern in Latin America; it has been incorporated not just into populist rhetoric, also in how cities have being built. In Costa Rica, similar to other places within that region, gated communities are dominating the urban areas, altering the urban fabric and, increasing spatial segregation. This research arises from the paradox if gated communities conceived as ‘shelters` against crime, in contrast, could be increasing unsafety feelings among people living in the adjacent neighbourhoods; also, if those perceptions vary alongside poverty levels. Data collection was carried out through walking interviews with people from eight neighbourhoods beside gated communities. Those walks were georeferenced in Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Also, focus groups were carried out, in-depth interviews and observations. Perception’s maps of built environment and intensity of fear were created. The findings suggest that the presence of gated communities rises levels of fear in some ranges of poverty. Additionally, safety perceptions from people living in open neighbourhoods might be affected by the high levels of residential segregation; therefore, the preconceived thoughts and fear towards those people living inside gated communities might influence their overall unsafety feelings.
Barrios Cerrados, Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Urbanisme, :Urbanisme [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], Temor al delito, Fear of crime, Espacio público, Social inequality, SEGURIDAD, Sociologia urbana -- Costa Rica, Sociology, Urban -- Costa Rica, Miedo al crimen, Barrios cerrados, Desigualdad social, Gated communities, Segregación residencial, DESARROLLO URBANO, Residential segregation, Seguretat ciutadana -- Costa Rica, Public space, COSTA RICA, Crime prevention -- Costa Rica
Barrios Cerrados, Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Urbanisme, :Urbanisme [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], Temor al delito, Fear of crime, Espacio público, Social inequality, SEGURIDAD, Sociologia urbana -- Costa Rica, Sociology, Urban -- Costa Rica, Miedo al crimen, Barrios cerrados, Desigualdad social, Gated communities, Segregación residencial, DESARROLLO URBANO, Residential segregation, Seguretat ciutadana -- Costa Rica, Public space, COSTA RICA, Crime prevention -- Costa Rica
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