Histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis of Kikuchi and Fujimoto (HNL) is a benign, self-limited disease of unknown etiology. It can easily be mistaken for lymphoma, both clinically and on pathological examination. We report a 25-year-old woman who presented with fever and painful unilateral lymphadenopathy, clinically compatible with, and histologically diagnosed as HNL. Only 2 previous cases of HNL have been reported from Israel.