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Docta Complutense
Master thesis . 2023
License: CC BY NC ND
Data sources: Docta Complutense
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Valoración de la dieta vegana en mujeres embarazadas: riesgos y beneficios

Evaluation of the vegan diet in pregnant women: risks and benefits
Authors: Herrero Gallego, Livia;

Valoración de la dieta vegana en mujeres embarazadas: riesgos y beneficios

Abstract

Antecedentes: Conforme aumentan el número y el perfil de personas que adoptan una dieta vegana, surgen nuevas dudas sobre los beneficios y riesgos de este tipo de alimentación, sobre todo en grupos vulnerables como las mujeres embarazadas. Objetivos: El objetivo de este estudio fue valorar si la dieta vegana presenta riesgos y/o beneficios en la salud de las mujeres embarazadas y la de sus bebés, teniendo en cuenta diversos resultados maternos y neonatales. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática mediante una búsqueda bibliográfica de artículos de investigación publicados desde 2013 hasta 2023 en las principales bases de datos médicas. Los datos obtenidos se analizaron principalmente mediante metaanálisis de efectos aleatorios con el software estadístico JASP. Resultados: Se identificaron 11 estudios. La relación entre la dieta vegana y el embarazo no fue estadísticamente significativa para las variables “bajo peso al nacer, “partos prematuros”, “deficiencia materna de B12”, “diabetes mellitus gestacional”, “anemia gestacional” e “hipertensión arterial”. Si lo fue para las variables “pequeños para la edad gestacional” y “ganancia de peso gestacional”. Conclusión: Se observó una ligera tendencia en mujeres veganas a tener partos prematuros y menores niveles de vitamina B12, así como una menor ganancia de peso gestacional y un bajo peso al nacer de los bebés, pero en general, las mujeres embarazadas que siguen una dieta vegana en países desarrollados no presentan mayores riesgos/beneficios que aquellas que siguen una dieta omnívora. Background: As the people's profile which adopts a vegan diet increases, doubts are emerging about the benefits and risks of this type of diet, especially in vulnerable groups such as pregnant women. Objectives: The AIM of this study was to assess whether the vegan diet presents risks and/or benefits in the health of pregnant women and their babies, taking into account various results on maternal and neonatal cases. Methods: A systematic review through a bibliographic search of research articles published from 2013 to 2023 in the main medical databases was carried out. The data obtained were analysed mainly by random-effects meta-analysis using the JASP statistical software. Results: 11 studies were identified. The relationship between the vegan diet and pregnancy was not statistically significant for the variables "low birth weight”, "premature births", "maternal B12 deficiency", "gestational diabetes mellitus", "gestational anemia" and "arterial hypertension". It was for the variables "small for gestational age" and "gestational weight gain". Conclusion: A slight tendency was observed in vegan women to have premature births and lower levels of vitamin B12, as well as a lower gestational weight gain and a low birth weight of the babies, but, in general, pregnant women who follow a diet Vegan diets in developed countries do not present greater risks/benefits than those that follow an omnivorous diet.

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

Resultados neonatales, Maternal outcomes, Neonatal outcomes, Embarazo, Pregnancy, Resultados maternos, Dieta vegana, Vegan diet, Dietética y nutrición (Medicina), 613.2, 3206 Ciencias de la Nutrición

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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