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Tratamiento farmacológico del alcoholismo en farmacia comunitaria

Authors: Santillana Cernuda, Genoveva; López Martín, Rosalía Araceli;

Tratamiento farmacológico del alcoholismo en farmacia comunitaria

Abstract

El alcoholismo es una enfermedad adictiva que no solo se controla con tratamiento farmacológico sino que necesita también terapias psicológicas de apoyo. En el alcoholismo los sistemas de neuro-transmisión alterados son los glutamatérgicos, gabaérgicos, dopaminérgicos y opioide, son las dianas donde actuan los diferentes principios activos. Los más usados son los aversivos (disulfiram) y antagonistas de receptores opioides (naltrexona y nalmefeno), no obstante, existen otros tratamientos con ISRS, fármacos glutamatérgicos, antagonistas dopaminérgicos que se utilizan de forma coadyuvante, ayudando a mejorar dicha enfermedad. En 2012, se produjeron 3,3 millones de muertes a causa del consumo de alcohol. Además, se observó que el consumo de alcohol es el causante del 5,1% de todas las enfermedades, de lesiones y suponen una merma importante en la calidad de vida (cerca de 139 millones de casos). Es importante frenar el aumento de estas cifras y para ello se necesita la participación activa de los profesionales sanitarios. La accesibilidad en la farmacia comunitaria es alta y permite la identificación de personas con un consumo elevado de alcohol, explicar los efectos nocivos propios de su consumo, dar consejos, educar al paciente y, en caso necesario, plantear una derivación al médico.

Keywords

ISRS, Farmacia comunitaria, Alcoholismo, 613.81-05:615.2, Farmacología, 615.2:613.81-05, Salud pública (Farmacia), Naltrexona, Salud Pública, 614, Disulfiram, Farmacología (Farmacia), Nalmefeno, 3209 Farmacología, Adicción, 3212 Salud Pública, Enfermedad

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green