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Redes neuronales convolucionales y aplicaciones

Authors: Casado Beinat, Natalia;

Redes neuronales convolucionales y aplicaciones

Abstract

Las redes neuronales artificiales (RNA) surgen en los años 40 con la intención de simular el funcionamiento de las neuronas del cerebro humano. Entre los modelos implementados en esa época destaca el Perceptrón, conocido como la unidad básica de las redes neuronales. A este primer periodo, le sigue otro de frustración y desprestigio debido al limitado soporte económico y computacional de la época. Pese a ello, algunos investigadores siguieron trabajando y se desarrolló el método de aprendizaje conocido como Backpropagation, actualmente el más utilizado en arquitecturas multicapa. A raíz de este y otros métodos, a principios de la década de 1980 se produjo un importante resurgimiento del interés en el campo de las redes neuronales. Se introduce el Neocognitrón, una red neuronal artificial jerárquica utilizada para el reconocimiento de caracteres manuscritos japoneses y otras tareas de reconocimiento de patrones. Es el origen de la arquitectura de las redes neuronales convolucionales (CNN). Estas redes tienen aplicaciones en el reconocimiento de vídeos, los sistemas de recomendación, la clasificación y segmentación de imágenes, el análisis de imágenes médicas, el procesamiento del lenguaje natural, y las series temporales financieras.

Keywords

Perceptron, Matemáticas, Perceptrón, 12 Matemáticas, 004.032.26, 1202 Análisis y Análisis Funcional, Backpropagation, Redes neuronales, Convolucionales, Neocognitrón, Matemáticas (Matemáticas), Análisis matemático, Convolutional, Neural networks

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green