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Xenia and metaxenia in hazelnuts: Effects of pollinizer cultivars on nut set and nut characteristics of some hazelnut cultivars

Authors: Balık, Hüseyin İrfan; Beyhan, Neriman; Fakülteler, Ziraat Fakültesi, Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümü;

Xenia and metaxenia in hazelnuts: Effects of pollinizer cultivars on nut set and nut characteristics of some hazelnut cultivars

Abstract

Bu çalışma 2015 ve 2016 yıllarında Fındık Araştırma Enstitüsü (Giresun) deneme bahçelerinde yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada fındıkta tozlayıcı çeşitlerin meyve ve iç özelliklerinde sebep olduğu değişimlerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Ana çeşit olarak Tombul, Palaz, Çakıldak, Foşa ve Allahverdi; tozlayıcı çeşit olarak ise bu beş çeşide ilave olarak Sivri, Kalınkara ve Yassı Badem kullanılmıştır. Kendileme, kontrol olarak kabul edilmiş, serbest tozlanma ise uygulama olarak değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. Çalışmada, tozlayıcı çeşitlerin kseni ve metakseni etkisi ile bazı meyve ve iç özelliklerinde değişikliklere sebep olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Uygulamaların karanfilin çotanağa dönüşüm oranı (meyve tutumu) ile çotanaktaki meyve sayısına etkileri oldukça belirgin olmuştur. Kendine uyuşmazlığın göstergesi olarak kendilemede genellikle meyve tutumu ve çotanaktaki meyve sayısı düşük tespit edilmiştir. Açık tozlanma ve karşılıklı tozlanma uygulamaları meyve tutumu ve çotanaktaki meyve sayısının artmasına neden olmuştur. Pomolojik özelliklerde meydana gelen değişimlerin çiçek tozu kaynağının yanı sıra meyve yükü ile de ilişkili olabileceği değerlendirilmiştir. Kendilemede iç oranı ve sağlam iç oranı düşük iken, açık tozlanma ve karşılıklı tozlanma uygulamasında genellikle yüksek tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, tozlayıcı çeşitlerin meyve şeklinde değişikliklere sebep olduğu kanıtlanmıştır. Palaz’ın tozlayıcı olduğu uygulamalarda meyve şekil indeksi azalmıştır.

This study has been conducted between 2015 and2016 at Hazelnut Research Institute in Giresun. Theobjective of this study was to determine the effects ofthe pollinizer cultivars on the nut and kernelcharacteristics. Tombul, Palaz, Çakıldak, Foşa andAllahverdi were used as main cultivars whileTombul, Palaz, Çakıldak, Foşa, Allahverdi, Sivri,Kalınkara and Yassı Badem were used as pollinizercultivars. Self-pollination was considered as acontrol and open-pollination was taken as anapplication. In the study, it was determined that thepollinizer cultivars caused changes in some nut andkernel characteristics with the xenia and metaxeniaeffects. The effects of pollinizers on nut set andnumber of nut in clusters were quite obvious. Selfpollination resulted in low nut set and number of nutin clusters, indicating it is self-incompatible. Openpollination and different cross-pollinationtreatments increased nut set and number of nut inclusters. It is estimated that the changes in thepomological characteristics may be related to the nutset as well as the pollen sources. The kernelpercentage and good kernel were generally low inself-pollination. Open-pollination and crosspollination treatments increased kernel percentageand good kernel. It has also been improved that thepollinizer cultivars may cause changes in nut shape.Palaz pollination treatment caused decrease of nutshape index in main cultivars.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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