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Fiqh al-azma

Une nouvelle littérature éthique islamique en temps de crise et d’incertitude
Authors: Belhaj, Abdessamad;
Abstract

La jurisprudence des crises (fiqh al-azamāt), littérature religieuse largement méconnue, manifeste à la fois l’inquiétude des autorités religieuses musulmanes face aux transformations géopolitiques et économiques aussi bien que leur résilience et sens pratique. Les juristes musulmans œuvrent à maintenir la tradition comme cadre de la pensée juridique et éthique de l’umma en crise, quand bien même le juriste ferait des concessions sur certaines règles ou processus en faveur de la prise en compte de l’intérêt public. Cet article analyse les contextes d’émergence de la jurisprudence des crises, la principiologie du fiqh al-azamāt, et discute de son impact sur une théologie islamique globale de la catastrophe.

The jurisprudence of crisis (fiqh al-azamāt), a largely unknown religious literature, shows both the anxiety of Muslim religious authorities in view of geopolitical and economic transformations as well as their resilience and practicality. Muslim jurists endeavor to maintain tradition as a framework for legal and ethical thought for the umma in crisis, even as the jurist would make concessions on certain rules or processes in favor of accommodating the public interest. This article analyzes the contexts of the emergence of the jurisprudence of crisis, the legal reasoning of fiqh al-azamāt, and discusses its impact on a comprehensive Islamic theology of disaster.

يُظهر فقه الأزمات، وهو نوع من الفكر الديني غير المعروف إلى حدّ كبير حتّى الآن، قلق السلطات الدينيّة الإسلاميّة في مواجهة التحوّلات الجيوسياسيّة والاقتصاديّة وكذلك مرونتها وجانبها العملي. يسعى الفقهاء المسلمون إلى الحفاظ على الشريعة كإطار للفكر القانوني والأخلاقي للأمّة الّتي تمرّ بأزمة، حتّى عندما يقدّم أحدهم تنازلات بشأن نصوص أو قواعد شرعيّة معينة من منطلق مبدأ المصلحة العامّة. يحلّل هذا المقال سياقات نشوء فقه الأزمات، وأصوله الفقهيّة، ويناقش أيضًا أثر فقه الأزمات على الفقه الإسلامي الشامل للكوارث.

Keywords

Jurisprudence, jurisprudence, أخلاق, فقه, مرونة, أزمة, ethics, résilience, crisis, مصلحة عامّة, crise, éthique, intérêt public, resilience, public interest

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
hybrid