
handle: 20.500.13002/487
INTRODUCCIÓ: El dolor és una experiència sensorial desagradable on hi intervenen múltiples factors. La distracció és una tècnica no farmacològica que aporta efectes positius en el control i maneig del dolor, ja que propicia la competència entre estímuls carregant la limitada capacitat d’atenció del pacient. Permet desviar el focus d’atenció i alliberar la sensació de dolor, quedant aquest en un segon pla. Escoltar música, mirar la televisió o conversar son exemples de distracció que comencen a ser substituïts per procediments més sofisticats basats en la tecnologia audio-visual, com ara la Realitat Virtual (VR, Virtual Reality). OBJECTIUS: Determinar la utilitat de la VR en el control del dolor en pacients, com també conèixer els beneficis, i estimar l’efectivitat de la VR en el control del dolor. METODOLOGIA: S’ha realitzat una cerca a la principal base de dades actual basada en l’evidència científica com és Pub Med. Els operadors booleans utilitzats han sigut: AND i OR. El temps que s’ha establert ha estat dels últims deu anys. Els filtres han estat pel format de text (free full text), i l’idioma seleccionat ha estat en llengua castellana i anglesa. CONCLUSIONS: Els estudis avalen la utilitat de la VR adquirint un potencial de futur prometedor com a tractament complementari efectiu en el control i maneig del dolor. PARAULES CLAU: Dolor, Dolor pediàtric, Control del dolor, Fisiopatologia del dolor, Neuro-anatomia del dolor, Nociceptors, Teoria de la comporta, valoració del dolor, teràpies no farmacològiques, distracció, Realitat augmentada, Realitat Virtual, Ansietat i Estrès.
INTRODUCTION: Pain is an unpleasant sensory experience where multiple factors intervene. Distraction is a non-pharmacological technique that contributes to positive effects in the control and management of pain, as it promotes the competition between stimuli by carrying the limited patient's ability to care. It allows diverting the focus of attention and releasing the pain sensation, keeping this in the background. Listening to music, watching television or talking are examples of distraction that are beginning to be replaced by more sophisticated procedures based on audio-visual technology, such as Virtual Reality (VR). OBJECTIVES: Determine the utility of VR in the control of pain in patients, as well as know the benefits, and estimate the effectiveness of VR in pain control. METHODOLOGY: I have searched for the main current database based on scientific evidence, such as Pub Med. Boolean operators used were: AND and OR. The time that has been established has been in the last ten years. The filters have been in the text format (free full text), and the selected language has been in Spanish and English. CONCLUSIONS: The studies endorse the utility of VR with a promising future potential as an effective complementary treatment in the control and management of pain. KEY WORDS: Pain, Pediatric pain, Pain control, Pain pathophysiology, Pain neuroanatomy, Nociceptors, Behavior theory, Pain evaluation, Non-pharmacological therapies, Distraction, Augmented reality, Virtual Reality, Anxiety and Stress.
Grau en Infermeria
Realitat virtual en la medicina, Virtual reality in medicine, Pain--Treatment, Dolor--Tractament
Realitat virtual en la medicina, Virtual reality in medicine, Pain--Treatment, Dolor--Tractament
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