
handle: 20.500.13002/417
INTRODUCCIÓN: La osteoartrosis de cadera es una enfermedad degenerativa que cursa con dolor e incapacidad. La prótesis total de cadera (PTC) mediante cirugía Fast- Track mejora de la clínica del paciente y conlleva una rehabilitación acelerada. OBJETIVOS: Evaluar el protocolo rehabilitador acelerado en pacientes con artrosis de cadera intervenidos de PTC. Valorando el dolor, la extensión, la ayuda técnica y la deambulación. DISEÑO: Estudio descriptivo individual de 34 pacientes diagnosticados de coxartrosis sometidos a PTC mediante cirugía Fast-Track en Hospital MAZ Zaragoza donde recibieron el tratamiento rehabilitador. Criterios de inclusión: edad entre 18 y 80 años, buen estado cognitivo. MEDICIONES PRINCIPALES: Variables estudiadas: Dolor (EVA), balance articular (goniómetro), sintomatología y discapacidad física (WOMAC). También se registraron otras: metros deambulados, ayuda técnica, escaleras y estancia hospitalaria. Las técnicas estadísticas utilizadas fueron test de hipótesis mediante el programa SPSS. RESULTADOS: La evolución del dolor, la extensión y la deambulación de las 2 a las 48 h tras cirugía mostraron resultados significativos con p valores <0,05. El 100% de los pacientes usaron muletas a los tres días y el 89,29% realizaron escaleras. La estancia media hospitalaria fue de 3,3 días. CONCLUSIONES: El programa de rehabilitación precoz mejoró el dolor, el rango articular y la deambulación del paciente tras PTC en los días inmediatos a la intervención. El cuestionario WOMAC mostró resultados significativos, incrementando la autonomía del paciente mediante la marcha con muletas y la realización de escaleras. La estancia hospitalaria de redujo significativamente. Se propone nuevos estudios con mayor tamaño muestral y seguimiento. PALABRAS CLAVE Términos DeCs: “Artrosis”, “Cadera”, “Rehabilitación”, “Artroplastia”.
INTRODUCTION: Osteoarthrosis os the Hip is a degenerative disease that occurs with pain and disability. The total hip prosthesis (THP) through Fast-Track surgery improves the patient's clinical condition and leads to an accelerated rehabilitation. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the accelerated rehabilitation protocol in patients with osteoarthritis treated with THP. Assessing pain, extension, technical assistance and ambulation. DESIGN: Individual descriptive study of 34 patients diagnosed of THP coxarthrosis using Fast- Track surgery at Zaragoza-MAZ Hospital where they received the rehabilitative treatment. Inclusion criteria: age between 18 and 80 years, good cognitive status. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: Variables studied: Pain (EVA), joint balance (goniometer), symptomatology and physical disability (WOMAC). Older registered variables were: ambulatory meters, technical assistance, ladder and hospital stay. The statistical techniques were conduced through a hypothesis tests using the SPSS program. RESULTS: The evolution of pain, extension and ambulation from 2 up to 48 hours after surgery showed significant results with p values <0.05. 100% of the patients used crutches 3 days after it and 89.29% performed the ladders. The mean stay in hospital was 3.3 days. CONCLUSIONS: The early rehabilitation program improved pain, joint range and patient ambulation after THP in the immediately following days after intervention. The WOMAC questionnaire showed significant results, increase of patient autonomy by walking with crutches and performing ladders. The hospital stay was reduced significantly. We propose new studies with larger sample size and monitoring. Keywords TERMS MeSH : “Osteoarthritis”, “Hip”, “Rehabilitation”, “Arthroplasty”.
Màster Universitari en Investigació Traslacional en Fisioteràpia
Malucs artificials, Artificial hip joints, Artroplàstia, Arthroplasty
Malucs artificials, Artificial hip joints, Artroplàstia, Arthroplasty
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