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Master thesis . 2021
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Uso de oligosacáridos de leche humana en formulaciones infantiles y población adulta

Authors: Ramírez Rodríguez, Nelson Enrique;

Uso de oligosacáridos de leche humana en formulaciones infantiles y población adulta

Abstract

La leche materna es un fluido dinámico que según la Organización Mundial para la Salud (OMS), es ideal para la nutrición y salud del recién nacido y del lactante. Está constituida por agua, macro y micronutrientes y varios factores bioactivos como, la lactoferrina, inmunoglobulinas, membrana del glóbulo de la grasa de leche (MFGM), oligosacáridos de la leche humana (HMO), ácidos grasos tales como el ácido araquidónico (ARA) y el ácido docosahexaenoico (DHA), vesículas celulares como exosomas, microvesículas y biacterias probióticas, entre otros. Los HMO son un complejo soluble de glucanos y existen alrededor de 200, que son síntetizados en la glándula mamaria, con efectos biactivos como agente prebiótico bifidogénico, antiinfeccioso, barrera epitelial; inmunomodulador, anticancerígeno y favoreciendo el neurodesarrollo del niño. En esta revisión se describen las diferentes formas de síntesis artificial de HMO, a través de métodos como biosíntesis bacteriana y de levaduras, síntesis química y enzimática in vitro. Los HMO más comúnmente sintetizados de manera artificial y suplementados en fórmulas infantiles y productos para adultos, con fines preventivos y terapéuticos son principalmente, la 2´-fucosillactosa y Lacto-N-neotetraosa y otros, aprobados para su uso al ser bien tolerados y seguros. Los estudios en modelos animales, in vitro y clínicos apuntan al efecto que se consigue en el consumo, en comparación de la leche materna, que nos plantean desafíos de investigación y oportunidades futuras.

Máster en Microbiota, Probióticos y Prebióticos

Universidad Europea de Madrid

Virtual

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

Leche materna, Leche artificial para lactantes, Oligosacáridos

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green
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