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Caracterización epidemiológica de los accidentes por ofidismo en el Perú durante el periodo 2020-2022

Authors: Chávez Castañeda, Yennifer Lizeth;

Caracterización epidemiológica de los accidentes por ofidismo en el Perú durante el periodo 2020-2022

Abstract

Los accidentes ofídicos en el Perú, constituyen un problema de Salud Pública, con mayor énfasis en los departamentos de la amazonia peruana. Este estudio describe las características epidemiológicas de los accidentes ofídicos registrados en la Sala Virtual de Situación de Salud del Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Prevención y Control de enfermedades (CDC-Perú), durante el periodo 2020-2022. Por lo que, se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo retrospectivo, utilizando la notificación de casos de accidentes ofídicos registrados a nivel nacional en el CDC durante el periodo de estudio. Se recopiló información sobre las variables de distribución geográfica por departamento y provincia; año de ocurrencia, semanas epidemiológicas en cuartiles de ocurrencia; género y grupo etario del accidentado. A partir de la información recopilada se creó una base de datos en Microsoft Excel y se resumió mediante estadística descriptiva. Se observó que durante el periodo de estudio del 2020-2022, se registraron un total de 5 518 accidentes por ofidismo, con 35 defunciones y una letalidad del 0.63%. Los departamentos de Loreto (29.18%), San Martín (21.59%) y Ucayali (13.32%) presentaron el mayor porcentaje de casos. Las personas más afectadas fueron del género masculino (66.27%), según la edad de los accidentados presentó más casos el grupo entre 30 a 59 años (41.81%). En la semana epidemiologica 1-13 (enero a marzo), se reportó 31.48% de los casos, seguido del 26.1% de los casos registrados en la semana 14-26 (abril a junio). El conocimiento de la caracterización epidemiológica de los accidentes por ofidismo, permitirá diseñar e implementar medidas de prevención y control para reducir el riesgo de las poblaciones expuestas a este tipo de accidentes.

Ophidian accidents in Peru constitute a public health problem, with greater emphasis in the departments of the Peruvian Amazon. This study describes the epidemiological characteristics of ophidian accidents registered in the Virtual Health Situation Room of the National Center for Epidemiology, Prevention and Disease Control (CDC-Peru), during the period 2020-2022. Therefore, a retrospective descriptive observational study was conducted using the notification of cases of ophidian accidents registered nationally in the CDC during the study period. Information was collected on the variables of geographic distribution by department and province; year of occurrence, epidemiological weeks in quartiles of occurrence; gender and age group of the victim. From the information collected, a database was created in Microsoft Excel and summarized using descriptive statistics. During the 2020-2022 study period, a total of 5,518 ophidian accidents were recorded, with 35 deaths and a case fatality rate of 0.63%. The departments of Loreto (29.18%), San Martin (21.59%) and Ucayali (13.32%) had the highest percentage of cases. The most affected persons were male (66.27%), and according to the age of the accident victims, the group between 30 and 59 years old presented more cases (41.81%). In epidemiological week 1-13 (January to March), 31.48% of the cases were reported, followed by 26.1% of the cases registered in week 14-26 (April to June). Knowledge of the epidemiological characterization of ophidian accidents will make it possible to design and implement prevention and control measures to reduce the risk of populations exposed to this type of accident.

Country
Peru
Keywords

http://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#1.06.11, Epidemiología, Veneno, http://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.03.09, http://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.03.01, Mordedura, Serpiente, Ofidismo, http://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.03.05, http://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.01.03

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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