Problematic Internet Use (PIU) is a burgeoning topic of research interest considering our dependence on the Internet today and in the time to come. Although PIU is not included in the two main diagnostic classification systems, i.e., the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) and the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11), substantial research has found PIU to have overlapping features with Substance Use Disorder. Indeed, PIU has been found to have substantial links with depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, sleep disturbances, and other psychological dysfunctions. One such intriguing association is between PIU and attentional problems. The present literature review examines different attentional processes in PIU. Some studies will be described where different tools have been used to probe attentional abilities in problematic internet users, and how they can help in understanding PIU. Additionally, this review explores the link between PIU and ADHD. The findings highlight how attentional processes can be impaired in problematic users. Further investigation in this regard is useful to design new studies or confirm the existing ones.