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Revistas científicas UCV
Bachelor thesis . 2022
License: CC BY NC ND
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Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA
Bachelor thesis . 2022
License: CC BY NC ND
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Albinismo ocular: revisión sistemática a propósito de un caso clínico

Authors: Millán Roda, Luis;

Albinismo ocular: revisión sistemática a propósito de un caso clínico

Abstract

Fundamentos y objetivos: Realizar una revisión bibliográfica sistemática sobre las novedades y actualizaciones del albinismo ocular poniendo énfasis en la clínica característica y en las técnicas diagnósticas con el fin de reconocer dicha enfermedad y saber cómo diagnosticarla. Material y métodos: La búsqueda de la literatura previa se realizó a través de las principales bases de datos bibliográficas de MEDLINE/PubMed y EBSCO. Para evaluar la calidad científica de los estudios seleccionados se utilizó la propuesta del Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine (CEBM) de Oxford. Resultados: El albinismo ocular es una enfermedad hereditaria ligada al cromosoma X, afecta de forma sintomática a varones jóvenes y se caracteriza por una serie de signos clínicos oculares. Este trabajo describe el caso de un varón de 18 años, refiere dificultad para ver la pizarra mientras se encuentra en clase y mayor lentitud para la lectura; comenta que también padece fotofobia. Se aprecia que el paciente presenta nistagmo pendular, estrabismo, baja visión, hipoplasia foveal y transiluminación del iris, características fenotípicas típicas del AO. Conclusiones: Se trata de una enfermedad hereditaria asociada a una mutación a nivel del gen GPR143. Cursa con signos oculares exclusivamente lo cual permite diferenciarlo del AOC. El diagnóstico se basa en una exploración ocular y genética, a través de diversas técnicas diagnósticas destacando el OCT. En la actualidad el tratamiento es sintomático a la espera de nuevos estudios que permitan avanzar en el tratamiento.

Background and objectives: To carry out a systematic bibliographic review on the novelties and updates of ocular albinism, emphasizing the characteristic clinic and diagnostic techniques in order to recognize this disease and kmow how to diagnose it. Material and methods: The search for previous literature was carried out through the main bibliographic database of MEDLINE/PubMed and EBSCO. To assess the scientific quality of the selected studies, the proposal of the Oxford Center for Evidence-Based Medicine (CEBM) was used. Results: Ocular albinism is an X-linked hereditary disease that symptomatically affects young males and is characterized by a series of ocular clinical signs. This work describes the case of an 18-years-old male, who reported difficulty seeing the blackboard while in class and slower reading. He comments that he also suffers from photophobia. It is appreciated that the patient presents pendular nystagmus, strabismus, low vision, foveal hipoplasia and iris transillumination, typical phenotypic characteristics of ocular albinism. Conclusions: It is a hereditary disease associated with a mutation at the level of the GPR143 gene. It courses exclusively with ocular signs, which allows it to be diffrenciated form the oculocutaneous albinism. The diagnosis is based on an ocular and genetic examination, through various diagnostic techniques, highlighting the OCT. At present, treatment is symptomatic pending new studies that allow progress in treatment.

Medicina

Country
Spain
Keywords

Enfermedad hereditaria, Ocular albinism, Photophobia, Gen GPR143, 3201.09 Oftalmología, Hereditary disease, Albinismo ocular, Fotofobia, GPR143 gene

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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