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handle: 20.500.12466/2691
HIPÓTESIS Y OBJETIVOS El papiledema y el pseudopapiledema (PPE) son dos entidades difíciles de distinguir entre sí ya que presentan características oftalmológicas comunes. Ambas pueden coexistir, haciendo todavía más difícil el diagnóstico correcto. Además, en edades pediátricas los hallazgos son distintos a la forma adulta, así como el tipo de paciente que consulta. El papiledema es una urgencia oftalmológica que precisa de un estudio detallado. El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar una revisión de las técnicas diagnósticas actuales para la detección de papiledema, así como su diagnóstico diferencial con el PPE infantil. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS Revisión bibliográfica sistemática del papiledema y PPE pediátrico (0-18 años), incluyendo definición, epidemiología, etiología, fisiopatología, clínica, diagnóstico y tratamiento. Contraste de la información obtenida con dos casos clínicos. RESULTADOS Se presentan dos casos, ambos con edema de papila bilateral en el fondo de ojo y agudeza visual conservada al examen inicial. Destaca engrosamiento de las fibras nerviosas de la retina peripapilar. Inician tratamiento con Acetazolamida asociando mejoría, en el caso 2 muy significativa y rápida, solicitándose una ultrasonografía (USG-B) ocular, la cual diagnostica drusas. CONCLUSIONES La mejor modalidad para diferenciar entre papiledema y PPE en niños no se ha establecido aún. El uso de USG-B como herramienta de cribado en pacientes con inflamación bilateral de la cabeza del nervio óptico junto con un examen oftalmológico completo es la opción inicial ideal.
HYPOTHESIS AND OBJECTIVES Papilledema and pseudopapiledema (PPE) are two entities hard to distinguish from each other since they have common ophthalmological characteristics. Both can coexist, making the right diagnosis challenging. In addition, in pediatric ages the findings are different from the adult form, as well as the type of patient who consults. Papilledema is an ophthalmological emergency that requires a detailed study. The objective of this work is to review the current diagnostic techniques to detect papilledema, as its differential diagnosis with PPE. METHODOLOGY Systematic bibliographic review of pediatric papilledema and PPE (age 0-18), including definition, epidemiology, etiology, pathophysiology, symptomatology, diagnosis and treatment. We will contrast the information obtained with two clinical cases. RESULTS Two cases are presented, both with bilateral papilla edema in the fundus and visual acuity preserved at initial examination. Highlights thickening of the nerve fibers of the peripapillary retina. They began Acetazolamide associating improvement, very significant and quick in case 2, requesting an ocular ultrasonography (USG-B), which diagnosed drusen. CONCLUSIONS The best test to distinguish papilledema and PPE in children has not been established yet. The use of USG-B as a screening tool in patients with bilateral inflammation of the optic nerve head along with a complete ophthalmological examination is the finest initial option.
Medicina
Edema de la papila, Edema de la papila óptica, Papillitis, Edema of the optic disc, Papilitis óptica, 3201.09 Oftalmología, Papiledema, Edema del Disco Óptico, Choked Disk, Optic Papillitis, Papilledema
Edema de la papila, Edema de la papila óptica, Papillitis, Edema of the optic disc, Papilitis óptica, 3201.09 Oftalmología, Papiledema, Edema del Disco Óptico, Choked Disk, Optic Papillitis, Papilledema
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