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handle: 20.500.12466/2624
Introduction and hypothesis: Legionnaires disease is a serious respiratory infection, typical of industrialized countries. Objectives: To study the incidence, case fatality and prognostic factors of legionnaires disease in Spain. Materials and methods: A retrospective study was made of 20 447 of hospitalized patients with legionnaires disease in Spanish hospitals between 1999 and 2019 was carried out. The study was conducted with data provided by the CMBD, using ICD-9-CM codes. Results: Incidence was 2 cases per-100 000 inhabitants per year, predominantly in males (RR 3,11), increasing between July and November and with a slight increase during the period. Vasque Country, Navarre and Catalonia were the regions with the highest incidence. In-hospital case fatality was 6,59% (IC 95% 6,25 - 6,93). In the multivariate regression, the risk factors most strongly associated with mortality were cardiovascular disfunction (OR 9,72), neutropenia (OR 9,42), malignant neoplasia (OR 6,35), need for invasive respiratory theraphy (OR 5,30), DIC (OR 4,10), cronic liver disease (OR 3,43), liver disfunction (OR 3,14), renal disfunction (OR 2,79), accute respiratory distress (OR 2,66) and being older tan 74 years (OR 2,38). Smoking was the most important protective factor for death (OR 0.53). Conclusions: The incidence of has increased during the study period. Cardiovascular disfunction, malignant neoplasia, need for invasive respiratory theraphy, cronic liver illnes, liver and disfunction, accute respiratory distress and elderly age were the most important risk factor for mortality. Smoking and ages under 65 have been independent protective factors for mortality.
Introducción e hipótesis: La enfermedad del legionario, es una infección respiratoria grave con una elevada incidencia en todo el mundo, aunque más propia de países industrializados. Objetivos: Estudiar la incidencia, mortalidad y posibles factores que influyan sobre la mortalidad de la legionelosis en España. Material y método: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo de 20 447 pacientes hospitalizados con legionelosis en España entre los años 1999 y 2019, con datos del CMBD proporcionados por el Ministerio de Sanidad. Resultados: La incidencia fue de 2 casos por cada 100 000 habitantes/año, con predominio masculino (RR: 3,11), aumentando en los meses de julio a noviembre, y ligero ascenso durante el periodo. País Vasco, Navarra y Cataluña fueron las CCAA con mayor incidencia. Se registró una letalidad de 6,59% (IC 95% 6,25 - 6,93). En el análisis multivariante los factores de riesgo con más fuerza de asociación para la mortalidad fueron: disfunción cardiovascular (OR 9,72), neutropenia (OR 9,42), neoplasia maligna (OR 6,35), la necesidad de terapia respiratoria invasiva (5,30), CID (OR 4,10;), EHC (OR 3,43), disfunción hepática (OR 3,14), disfunción renal (OR 2,79), insuficiencia respiratoria aguda (OR 2,66), y ser mayor de 74 años (OR 2,38). El tabaquismo se comportó como un factor protector frente a la letalidad. Conclusiones: La incidencia presentó una tendencia ascendente. La disfunción cardiovascular, neutropenia, neoplasia maligna, necesidad de terapia respiratoria invasiva y CID fueron los principales factores de riesgo para la mortalidad hospitalaria. El tabaquismo y edades inferiores a los 65 años se asociaron a una menor mortalidad.
Medicina
Legionnaires disease, Enfermedad del legionario, Epidemiology, Mortalidad, 3205.08 Enfermedades Pulmonares, Epidemiología, Incidence mortality, Incidencia, Legionella pneumophila
Legionnaires disease, Enfermedad del legionario, Epidemiology, Mortalidad, 3205.08 Enfermedades Pulmonares, Epidemiología, Incidence mortality, Incidencia, Legionella pneumophila
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