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Eski Mezopotamya ve Anadolu`da büyü ve kehanet

Authors: Atila, Ayşegül;

Eski Mezopotamya ve Anadolu`da büyü ve kehanet

Abstract

Kültepe'de sekiz adet büyü metni bulunmuştur. Bulunan bu büyü metinlerin hiçbirinin Mezopotamya ve Hitit devri kaynaklarında rastladığımız kara büyü yani kötü amaçlı yapılmış büyülerden olmadığı görülmektedir. Büyüler sadece hastalık ve kötü ruhlardan korunmak için yapılmıştır. Mezopotamya ve Hitit toplumunda kara büyü yasaklanmıştır. Genelde iyileştirici özelliği olan ak büyüye başvurulmuştur. İnsanoğlu başlarına gelen anormal bir durum karşısında tanrılarının kendilerine kızmış olduğu hissine kapılmışlardır. Bu amaçla da kızgın tanrıyı sakinleştirmek için ritüeller düzenlemişlerdir. Mezopotamya ve Hitit halkı tanrılarının kendilerine mesaj iletmek istediğinde bir takım işaretler gönderdiği inancına kapılmışlardır ve bu işaretleri çözmek için de rüya ve karaciğer falı gibi metotlar kullanarak kehanette bulunmuşlardır. Dolayısıyla toplumla büyü hep iç içe olmuştur.Bu çalışmada büyünün toplum yaşamındaki yeri ve insanları büyüye yönelten nedenler araştırılmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu doğrultuda ilk önce Kültepe'de ele geçen büyü metinleri ele alınmış, daha sonra Mezopotamya ve son olarak da Hitit devri kaynaklarından büyü ile ilgili bilgiler derlenmiş ve bu sonuçlar doğrultusunda büyünün insan yaşamının hemen her alanında yer aldığı bilgisine ulaşılmıştır. Kısacası büyünün insanlar için vazgeçilmez bir olgu olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.

Eight magic texts were found at Kültepe. It's seen that none of these texts of magic are black magic, that is, magic spells we encountered in the Mesopotamia and Hittite age sources. The magic was made only to avoid disease and evil spirits. In Mesopotamia and Hittite society, black- magic was prohibited. People applied for white- magic which generally has a healing property. Mankind was seized by a feeling that the gods got angry with them before an abnormal situation they had. For this purpose, they arranged rituals to calm the angry gods down. The Mesopotamian and Hittite people were convinced that their gods sent a number of signs when they wanted to send a message to them, and they also prophesized using methods such as dream and liver fortune to solve these signs. Therefore, the magic was always within the society.In this study, it was tried to investigate the place of magic in society life and reasons that lead the people to magic. In this direction, firstly the text of magic recovered from Kültepe are worked through; then the data about magic is compiled from Mesopotamia and Hittite age sources. And, in accordance with these results, it has been learnt that magic is involved in almost every course of human life. In short, it's been concluded that magic is an indispensable fact for people.

63

Country
Turkey
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Keywords

Hititler, Rüya, Tarih, History, Prophecy, Kehanet, Ritüel, White-magic, Black-magic, Eski Asur, Fal, Old Assyrian, Ritual, Mesopotamia, Incantation, Hittities, Fortune, Old Anatolian, Fortune telling, Assyrians, Ak Büyü-Kara Büyü, Hittites, Dream, Prediction, Mezopotamya

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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